低中心度重离子碰撞的全息照相
Holography of Low-Centrality Heavy Ion Collisions
摘要：
利用对$Λ$和$\overlineΛ$超子极化的观测，推导了RHIC装置STAR合作组研究的周边碰撞中夸克-胶子等离子体中的大涡旋。最近，STAR合作报告了这些极化对中心性的依赖性，在撞击能量200 GeV和相对较大的中心性$\mathcal{C} \geq 20\%$。极化随中心性缓慢增加，可能增加到$\mathcal{C} = \,60 - 70\%$。在这里，我们使用一个全息模型的旋涡QGP作出预测，这些偏振较小的中心，范围从$5 - 20\%$。该模型预测，作为一个向下移动的$20\%$，$Λ/\overlineΛ$极化在第一次减少，但随后\emph{increase}急剧，在一个特征模式，应很容易检测到，如果碰撞可以研究在低于200 GeV的冲击能量和中心低至$5 - 10\%$。这种效应在低于200 GeV的中等撞击能量下应该是最明显的，因此我们给出了撞击能量为27 GeV的预测。
英文摘要：
Large vorticities in the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in peripheral collisions studied by the STAR collaboration at the RHIC facility have been deduced from observations of polarizations of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ hyperons. Recently, the STAR collaboration has reported on the dependence of these polarizations on centrality, at impact energy 200 GeV and relatively large centralities $\mathcal{C} \geq 20\%$. The polarizations increase slowly with centrality, up to perhaps $\mathcal{C} = \,60 - 70\%$. Here we use a holographic model of the vortical QGP to make predictions regarding these polarizations for smaller centralities, ranging from $5 - 20\%$. The model predicts that as one moves downwards from $20\%$, $Λ/\overlineΛ$ polarizations at first decrease but then \emph{increase} sharply, in a characteristic pattern which should be readily detected if collisions can be studied at impact energies below 200 GeV and centrality as low as $5 - 10\%$. The effect should be most evident at moderate impact energies below 200 GeV, so we give predictions for impact energy 27 GeV.
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