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arXiv 1805.03328cs.RO
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一种改进人-机器人团队协作的Supervisor安全集模型

Modeling Supervisor Safe Sets for Improving Collaboration in Human-Robot Teams

University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)

David L. McPherson, Dexter R. R. Scobee, Joseph Menke, Allen Y. Yang, S. Shankar Sastry

摘要:

当人类主管与机器人团队合作时,他们的注意力被分散,认知资源非常宝贵。我们的目标是优化这些资源的分配和注意力的流动。为此,我们提出了一个理想化的监督模型来描述人类的行为。这样的监督者采用机器人动力学的潜在不准确的内部模型来判断安全性。我们表示这些安全判断,通过构建一个安全的内部模型,使用可达性理论。当一个机器人离开这个安全设置时,理想化的管理者将介入帮助,不管机器人是否保持客观的安全。误报,即人类主管错误地判断机器人处于危险之中,不必要地消耗主管的注意力。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种方法,通过学习主管的安全集,并使用该信息来管理机器人的行为,以减少误报。我们证明,根据我们的方法的机器人行为将减少我们理想化的监督模型的误报的发生。此外,我们经验验证我们的方法与用户研究,证明了一个显着的($p = 0.0328$)减少假阳性的方法相比,基线安全控制器。

英文摘要:

When a human supervisor collaborates with a team of robots, their attention is divided and cognitive resources are at a premium. We aim to optimize the distribution of these resources and the flow of attention. To this end, we propose the model of an idealized supervisor to describe human behavior. Such a supervisor employs a potentially inaccurate internal model of the the robots' dynamics to judge safety. We represent these safety judgements by constructing a safe set from this internal model using reachability theory. When a robot leaves this safe set, the idealized supervisor will intervene to assist, regardless of whether or not the robot remains objectively safe. False positives, where a human supervisor incorrectly judges a robot to be in danger, needlessly consume supervisor attention. In this work, we propose a method that decreases false positives by learning the supervisor's safe set and using that information to govern robot behavior. We prove that robots behaving according to our approach will reduce the occurrence of false positives for our idealized supervisor model. Furthermore, we empirically validate our approach with a user study that demonstrates a significant ($p = 0.0328$) reduction in false positives for our method compared to a baseline safety controller.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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