流体动力Weyl金属中的发电机效应和Turbulence
Dynamo Effect and Turbulence in Hydrodynamic Weyl Metals
摘要：
发电机效应是一类在天体中产生和维持磁场的宏观现象。它取决于流体动力学三维运动的传导气体和等离子体，实现高流体动力学和/或磁雷诺数，由于涉及大的长度尺度。现有的实验室实验建模发电机是具有挑战性的，涉及大型设备包含导电流体受到快速螺旋流。在这里，我们建议电子固态材料-特别是流体动力学金属-可以作为一个替代平台，观察发电机效应的某些方面。最近的实验发展的动机，本文重点介绍流体动力学外尔半金属，其中占主导地位的散射机制是由于相互作用。我们推导出纳维-斯托克斯方程以及磁流体动力学方程，该方程描述了在该制度下适当的外尔电子空穴等离子体的传输。我们估计该系统的流体动力学和磁雷诺数。后者是发电机机制的一个关键优点。我们表明，它可以是相对较大的，使观察的电动机感应磁场自举在实验中。最后，我们概括了最简单的发电机不稳定性模型- Ponomarenko发电机-的情况下，流体动力学Weyl半金属和手征异常项降低了阈值磁雷诺数的发电机不稳定性。
英文摘要：
The dynamo effect is a class of macroscopic phenomena responsible for generation and maintaining magnetic fields in astrophysical bodies. It hinges on hydrodynamic three-dimensional motion of conducting gases and plasmas that achieve high hydrodynamic and/or magnetic Reynolds numbers due to large length scales involved. The existing laboratory experiments modeling dynamos are challenging and involve large apparatuses containing conducting fluids subject to fast helical flows. Here we propose that electronic solid-state materials -- in particular, hydrodynamic metals -- may serve as an alternative platform to observe some aspects of the dynamo effect. Motivated by recent experimental developments, this paper focuses on hydrodynamic Weyl semimetals, where the dominant scattering mechanism is due to interactions. We derive Navier-Stokes equations along with equations of magneto-hydrodynamics that describe transport of Weyl electron-hole plasma appropriate in this regime. We estimate the hydrodynamic and magnetic Reynolds numbers for this system. The latter is a key figure of merit of the dynamo mechanism. We show that it can be relatively large to enable observation of the dynamo-induced magnetic field bootstrap in experiment. Finally, we generalize the simplest dynamo instability model -- Ponomarenko dynamo -- to the case of a hydrodynamic Weyl semimetal and show that the chiral anomaly term reduces the threshold magnetic Reynolds number for the dynamo instability.
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