COSMOGRAIL XVII：四重成像类星体PG 1115+080的时间延迟
COSMOGRAIL XVII: Time delays for the quadruply imaged quasar PG 1115+080
摘要：
我们提出了四重成像类星体PG 1115+080的时间延迟估计。我们的结果是基于在拉西拉天文台的ESO MPIA 2.2米望远镜7个月的几乎每天的观测，达到了信噪比约1000每类星体图像。此外，我们重新分析现有的光变曲线从文献中，我们完成了额外的三个赛季的监测与墨卡托望远镜在拉帕尔马天文台。在探索可能的偏置源时，我们考虑所谓的微透镜时间延迟，这是迄今为止在以前的时间延迟出版物中从未直接考虑的系统误差的潜在来源。在PG 1115+080上15年的数据中，我们没有发现强有力的微透镜时间延迟的证据。因此，不考虑这种影响，我们的时间延迟估计的个人数据集是在良好的协议，彼此和文献。结合这些数据集，我们获得了迄今为止PG 1115+080上最精确的时间延迟估计，Dt（AB）= 8.3+1.5-1.6天（18.7%精度），Dt（AC）= 9.9+1.1-1.1天（11.1%）和Dt（BC）= 18.8+1.6-1.6天（8.5%）。将这些时间延迟转化为宇宙学约束是在一篇配套论文中完成的，该论文利用了地面自适应光学（AO）和凯克望远镜。
英文摘要：
We present time-delay estimates for the quadruply imaged quasar PG 1115+080. Our resuls are based on almost daily observations for seven months at the ESO MPIA 2.2m telescope at La Silla Observatory, reaching a signal-to-noise ratio of about 1000 per quasar image. In addition, we re-analyse existing light curves from the literature that we complete with an additional three seasons of monitoring with the Mercator telescope at La Palma Observatory. When exploring the possible source of bias we consider the so-called microlensing time delay, a potential source of systematic error so far never directly accounted for in previous time-delay publications. In fifteen years of data on PG 1115+080, we find no strong evidence of microlensing time delay. Therefore not accounting for this effect, our time-delay estimates on the individual data sets are in good agreement with each other and with the literature. Combining the data sets, we obtain the most precise time-delay estimates to date on PG 1115+080, with Dt(AB) = 8.3+1.5-1.6 days (18.7% precision), Dt(AC) = 9.9+1.1-1.1 days (11.1%) and Dt(BC) = 18.8+1.6-1.6 days (8.5%). Turning these time delays into cosmological constraints is done in a companion paper that makes use of ground-based Adaptive Optics (AO) with the Keck telescope.
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