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arXiv 1804.06355cs.DS
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无近似损失的次模极大化算法的指数并行加速比

An Exponential Speedup in Parallel Running Time for Submodular Maximization without Loss in Approximation

Eric Balkanski, Aviad Rubinstein, Yaron Singer

摘要:

本文研究了次模极大化的自适应性。自适应性量化了当函数计算可以并行执行时算法所进行的顺序轮数。自适应性是一个基本概念,在计算机科学的各个领域都得到了大量的研究,这主要是由于并行计算的需要。对于在基数约束下极大化单调次模函数的规范问题,众所周知,一个简单的贪心算法可以得到一个$1-1/e$近似,并且这个近似对于多项式时间算法是最优的.有些令人惊讶的是,尽管广泛的努力,子模块优化大规模的数据集,直到最近有没有已知的算法,实现了一个常数因子近似这个问题的适应性是次线性的大小的地面集$n$。最近的工作由Rehanski和Singer描述了一种算法,该算法在$\mathcal{O}(\log n)$自适应轮中获得任意接近于$1/3$的近似,并且表明没有算法可以在$\tilde{o}(\log n)$自适应轮中获得常数因子近似。这种方法实现了指数加速的自适应性(和并行运行时间)的近似质量为代价。在本文中,我们描述了一种新的方法,产生一个算法,其近似是任意接近的最佳$1-1/e$保证$\mathcal{O}(\log n)$自适应轮。因此,该算法实现了一个指数级的加速并行运行时间的子模块最大化的近似质量损失的任意小的代价。这种保证是最佳的近似和自适应,直到低阶项。

英文摘要:

In this paper we study the adaptivity of submodular maximization. Adaptivity quantifies the number of sequential rounds that an algorithm makes when function evaluations can be executed in parallel. Adaptivity is a fundamental concept that is heavily studied across a variety of areas in computer science, largely due to the need for parallelizing computation. For the canonical problem of maximizing a monotone submodular function under a cardinality constraint, it is well known that a simple greedy algorithm achieves a $1-1/e$ approximation and that this approximation is optimal for polynomial-time algorithms. Somewhat surprisingly, despite extensive efforts on submodular optimization for large-scale datasets, until very recently there was no known algorithm that achieves a constant factor approximation for this problem whose adaptivity is sublinear in the size of the ground set $n$. Recent work by Balkanski and Singer describes an algorithm that obtains an approximation arbitrarily close to $1/3$ in $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ adaptive rounds and shows that no algorithm can obtain a constant factor approximation in $\tilde{o}(\log n)$ adaptive rounds. This approach achieves an exponential speedup in adaptivity (and parallel running time) at the expense of approximation quality. In this paper we describe a novel approach that yields an algorithm whose approximation is arbitrarily close to the optimal $1-1/e$ guarantee in $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ adaptive rounds. This algorithm therefore achieves an exponential speedup in parallel running time for submodular maximization at the expense of an arbitrarily small loss in approximation quality. This guarantee is optimal in both approximation and adaptivity, up to lower order terms.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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