中子星反冲II：动量守恒“反冲”模型的修正和进一步检验
Neutron Star Kicks II: Revision and further testing of the conservation of momentum "kick" model
摘要：
在Bray和Eldridge（2017）中，我们提出了一个简单的中子星反冲公式，v kick = alpha（M喷出物/ M残留物）+ beta来解释观测到的年轻单颗中子星的二维速度。使用这个踢，我们发现，有没有统计上显着的偏好踢的方向，也没有任何的三个初始质量函数（IMF）的斜率测试，人口，包括双星再现踢的分布比单星人口。然而，Janka（2017）最近的分析促使我们重新审视我们的基本假设，我们的新分析导致修改了最佳拟合的反冲值α =每秒100公里，β =每秒-170公里。β值减小到负值是由于使用了2D观测到的反冲速度分布，而不是中子星（NS）的模拟3D速度分布。为了进一步测试新的踢的有效性，我们已经创建了失控星和双中子星（DNS）双星在太阳金属丰度（Z=0.02）使用我们的最佳拟合踢的合成人口。我们发现，我们的新踢值创建失控的恒星速度和DNS周期分布与可比的观测分布一致，只有DNS偏心率与观测的张力。根据我们的DNS和BH-BH数据集，我们估计太阳金属丰度的预测DNS合并率为每年每立方Gpc 3，864（+1，570/-2，371），BH-BH合并率为每年每立方Gpc 5（+40/-1）。
英文摘要：
In Bray and Eldridge (2017), we proposed a simple neutron star kick formula, v kick = alpha (M ejecta / M remnant) + beta to explain the observed 2D velocities of young single neutron stars. Using this kick we found that there is no statistically significant preference for a kick orientation nor for any of the three initial mass function (IMF) slopes tested, and that populations including binary stars reproduced the kick distribution better than single star only populations. However, recent analysis by Janka (2017), prompted us to revisit our basic assumptions and our new analysis has led to revised best-fit kick values of alpha=100 km per second and beta = -170 km per second. The reduction of beta to a negative value is due to using the 2D observed kick velocity distribution rather than the modelled 3D velocity distribution for neutron stars (NS). To further test the validity of the new kick, we have created synthetic populations of runaway star and double neutron star (DNS) binaries at solar metallicity (Z=0.02) using our best-fit kick. We find our new kick values create runaway star velocities and DNS period distributions in agreement with the comparable observational distributions with only the DNS eccentricities in tension with the observations. From our DNS and BH-BH datasets we estimate a predicted DNS merger rate at solar metallicity of 3,864 (+1,570/-2,371) per cubic Gpc per yr and a BH-BH merger rate of 5 (+40/-1) per cubic Gpc per yr.
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