用NGTS探测G星超耀斑
Ground-based detection of G star superflares with NGTS
摘要：
我们提出了高节奏的检测两个超级耀斑从一个明亮的G8星（V = 11.56）与下一代过境调查（NGTS）。我们通过解决耀斑的上升和峰值，使我们能够适应太阳耀斑的启发模型，而不需要任意的中断点之间的上升和衰减，以前的超级耀斑检测。我们的数据还使我们能够识别耀斑的子结构。从NGTS数据中不断变化的星点调制，我们检测到恒星自转周期为59小时，以及差异自转的证据。我们将这个旋转周期与观测到的\textit{ROSAT} X射线通量相结合，以确定恒星的X射线活动是饱和的。我们计算了耀斑的辐射热能量为$5.4^{+0.8}_{-0.7}\times10^{34}$和$2.6^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\times10^{34}$ erg，并与\textit{Kepler}巡天观测到的G星超耀斑进行了比较。我们发现我们的主耀斑是从明亮的G星检测到的最大振幅的超耀斑之一。由于能量比卡林顿事件大100倍以上，我们的耀斑探测证明了NGTS等地面仪器在评估类地系外行星的可居住性方面的作用，特别是在\textit{PLATO}时代。
英文摘要：
We present high cadence detections of two superflares from a bright G8 star (V = 11.56) with the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). We improve upon previous superflare detections by resolving the flare rise and peak, allowing us to fit a solar flare inspired model without the need for arbitrary break points between rise and decay. Our data also enables us to identify substructure in the flares. From changing starspot modulation in the NGTS data we detect a stellar rotation period of 59 hours, along with evidence for differential rotation. We combine this rotation period with the observed \textit{ROSAT} X-ray flux to determine that the star's X-ray activity is saturated. We calculate the flare bolometric energies as $5.4^{+0.8}_{-0.7}\times10^{34}$ and $2.6^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\times10^{34}$ erg and compare our detections with G star superflares detected in the \textit{Kepler} survey. We find our main flare to be one of the largest amplitude superflares detected from a bright G star. With energies more than 100 times greater than the Carrington event, our flare detections demonstrate the role that ground-based instruments such as NGTS can have in assessing the habitability of Earth-like exoplanets, particularly in the era of \textit{PLATO}.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
