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arXiv 1804.03005cs.RO
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基于多目标卷积神经网络的机器人定位及二维图像三维位置估计

Multi-Objective Convolutional Neural Networks for Robot Localisation and 3D Position Estimation in 2D Camera Images

Joanneum Research - Robotics(约翰内姆研究中心-机器人学);The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital(奥斯陆大学医院介入中心);Department of Informatics, University of Oslo(奥斯陆大学信息学系)

Justinas Miseikis, Inka Brijacak, Saeed Yahyanejad, Kyrre Glette, Ole Jakob Elle, Jim Torresen

摘要:

协作机器人和人机交互领域通常关注人类行为的预测,同时假设有关机器人设置和配置的信息是已知的。这通常是固定设置的情况,即所有传感器都相对于系统的其余部分固定和校准。然而,当系统需要重新配置或移动时,它成为一个限制因素。我们提出了一种深度学习方法,旨在解决这个问题。我们的方法学习在2D摄像机图像中识别和精确定位机器人,因此不再需要固定设置,并且可以移动摄像机。此外,我们的方法识别机器人类型,并估计在相机图像中的机器人基地的3D位置,以及每个机器人关节的3D位置。学习是通过使用具有前面提到的四个目标的多目标卷积神经网络同时使用组合的损失函数来完成的。多目标方法通过重用一些相同的特征并在较低层中为每个目标进行多样化,使系统更加灵活和高效。一个经过充分训练的系统在提供机器人所在位置的准确掩模以及3D中其基础和关节位置的估计方面显示出有希望的结果。我们将结果与我们以前使用级联卷积神经网络的方法进行比较。

英文摘要:

The field of collaborative robotics and human-robot interaction often focuses on the prediction of human behaviour, while assuming the information about the robot setup and configuration being known. This is often the case with fixed setups, which have all the sensors fixed and calibrated in relation to the rest of the system. However, it becomes a limiting factor when the system needs to be reconfigured or moved. We present a deep learning approach, which aims to solve this issue. Our method learns to identify and precisely localise the robot in 2D camera images, so having a fixed setup is no longer a requirement and a camera can be moved. In addition, our approach identifies the robot type and estimates the 3D position of the robot base in the camera image as well as 3D positions of each of the robot joints. Learning is done by using a multi-objective convolutional neural network with four previously mentioned objectives simultaneously using a combined loss function. The multi-objective approach makes the system more flexible and efficient by reusing some of the same features and diversifying for each objective in lower layers. A fully trained system shows promising results in providing an accurate mask of where the robot is located and an estimate of its base and joint positions in 3D. We compare the results to our previous approach of using cascaded convolutional neural networks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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