时变信号的视觉检测：反向偏差及其时标
Visual detection of time-varying signals: opposing biases and their timescales
摘要：
人的视觉感知是一个复杂的、动态的、波动的过程。除了传入的视觉刺激之外，它还受到许多其他因素的影响，包括观察者外部和内部的时间背景。在这项研究中，我们调查的动态特性的心理物理反应的连续流的视觉近阈值检测任务。我们操纵传入的信号具有各种特征时间尺度的时间结构。人类观察者对这些信号的响应也使用突出其动态特征的工具进行分析。我们发现，两个相反的偏见形状的看法，并在不同的时间尺度上运行。阳性近因在短时间内出现，例如连续试验。适应，意味着改变反应的可能性增加，反映了较长时间的趋势。对各种时间事件的心理测量曲线的分析表明，这两种偏见之间的平衡可以根据它们与输入信号的时间属性的相互作用而改变。一个简单的数学模型再现了所有刺激方案中的实验数据。总之，我们的研究结果支持这样的观点，即视觉反应的波动反映了复杂的内部动态，可能与更高的认知过程。
英文摘要：
Human visual perception is a complex, dynamic and fluctuating process. In addition to the incoming visual stimulus, it is affected by many other factors including temporal context, both external and internal to the observer. In this study we investigate the dynamic properties of psychophysical responses to a continuous stream of visual near-threshold detection tasks. We manipulate the incoming signals to have temporal structures with various characteristic timescales. Responses of human observers to these signals are analyzed using tools that highlight their dynamical features as well. We find that two opposing biases shape perception, and operate over distinct timescales. Positive recency appears over short times, e.g. consecutive trials. Adaptation, entailing an increased probability of changed response, reflects trends over longer times. Analysis of psychometric curves conditioned on various temporal events reveals that the balance between the two biases can shift depending on their interplay with the temporal properties of the input signal. A simple mathematical model reproduces the experimental data in all stimulus regimes. Taken together, our results support the view that visual response fluctuations reflect complex internal dynamics, possibly related to higher cognitive processes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
