氧化锆中的马氏体相变。第一部分：相变诱发起伏的纳米尺度预测和测量
Martensitic transformation in zirconia. Part I: nanometer scale prediction and measurement of transformation induced relief
摘要：
我们调查了原子力显微镜（AFM）的表面浮雕所造成的马氏体四方单斜相转变引起的低温高压釜老化在氧化铈稳定的氧化锆。原子力显微镜作为一种非常强大的工具，研究马氏体浮雕定量和高精度。晶体学唯象理论被用来预测预期的救济诱导的转变，为特定的情况下，晶格对应ABC1，其中四斜晶系的c轴成为单斜晶系的c轴。提出了一个模型的变体的空间排列，这种晶格对应，并验证了实验观察。一个很好的协议之间的定量计算输出和AFM产生的纳米尺度的实验测量。所有观察到的功能完全定量解释的计算，与计算和定量实验测量的测量和计算精度范围内的差异。特别地，从相变诱导浮雕的局部特征确定相变晶粒的晶体学取向。最后证明了应变能是该材料低温压热处理引起表面相变的控制因素。
英文摘要：
We investigate by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the surface relief resulting from martensitic tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation induced by low temperature autoclave aging in ceria-stabilized zirconia. AFM appears as a very powerful tool to investigate martensite relief quantitatively and with a great precision. The crystallographic phenomenological theory is used to predict the expected relief induced by the transformation, for the particular case of lattice correspondence ABC1, where tetragonal c axis becomes the monoclinic c axis. A model for variants spatial arrangement for this lattice correspondence is proposed and validated by the experimental observations. An excellent agreement is found between the quantitative calculations outputs and the experimental measurements at nanometer scale yielded by AFM. All the observed features are explained fully quantitatively by the calculations, with discrepancies between calculations and quantitative experimental measurements within the measurements and calculations precision range. In particular, the crystallographic orientation of the transformed grains is determined from the local characteristics of transformation induced relief. It is finally demonstrated that the strain energy is the controlling factor of the surface transformation induced by low temperature autoclave treatments in this material.
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