科学是由主要研究者推动的吗？
Is science driven by principal investigators?
摘要：
在本文中，我们认为科学和职业生涯的表现主要研究者（PI）的公共资助的研究项目相比，所有研究人员的科学表现。我们的研究基于以下高质量数据：（i）1994-2016年期间在斯洛文尼亚获得的研究项目（7508个项目，共2725个PI）;（ii）1970-2016年期间活跃在斯洛文尼亚的所有研究人员的科学生产力-共有19598名研究人员，包括PI。我们比较PI和所有活跃研究人员的平均生产力，合作，国际性和跨学科性。我们的分析表明，对于所有四个指标，PI的平均性能要高于所有活跃研究人员的平均性能。此外，我们分析了两组研究人员的职业生涯。结果表明，PI的平均更长，更富有成果的职业生涯相比，所有活跃的研究人员，关于所有的职业指标。获得博士后补助金的PI在开始时具有出色的科学表现，但后来偏离平均水平。从长远来看，PI领导的研究项目（最负盛名的赠款）平均表现出最好的科学表现。在论文的最后一部分，我们研究了23个合著网络，涵盖了1970-1994年期间所有活跃的研究人员，1970-2016.我们发现，他们是很好地连接和PI的分布在这些网络形成其骨干。更重要的是，PI产生新的PI，因为超过90%的新PI与现有PI相关联（至少有一个联合科学出版物）。我们相信，我们的研究揭示了新的光之间的关系，科学的公共资助和科学产出，可以被认为是一个肯定的答案，在标题中提出的问题。
英文摘要：
In this paper we consider the scientific and career performance of principal investigators (PI's) of publicly funded research projects compared to scientific performance of all researchers. Our study is based on high quality data about (i) research projects awarded in Slovenia in the period 1994-2016 (7508 projects with 2725 PI's in total) and (ii) about scientific productivity of all researchers in Slovenia that were active in the period 1970-2016 - there are 19598 such researchers in total, including the PI's. We compare average productivity, collaboration, internationality and interdisciplinarity of PI's and of all active researchers. Our analysis shows that for all four indicators the average performance of PI's is much higher compared to average performance of all active researchers. Additionally, we analyze careers of both groups of researchers. The results show that the PI's have on average longer and more fruitful career compared to all active researchers, with regards to all career indicators. The PI's that have received a postdoc grant have at the beginning outstanding scientific performance, but later deviate towards average. On long run, the PI's leading the research programs (the most prestigious grants) on average demonstrate the best scientific performance. In the last part of the paper we study 23 co-authorship networks, spanned by all active researchers in the periods 1970-1994, ..., 1970-2016. We find out that they are well connected and that PI's are well distributed across these networks forming their backbones. Even more, PI's generate new PI's, since more than 90% of new PI's are connected (have at least one joint scientific publication) with existing PI's. We believe that our study sheds new light to the relations between the public funding of the science and the scientific output and can be considered as an affirmative answer to the question posed in the title.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
