二十面体衣壳内的基因组包装和病毒基因组序列的大规模分段
Genome packaging within icosahedral capsids and large-scale segmentation in viral genomic sequences
摘要：
具有二十面体衣壳的病毒的装配和成熟必须与二十面体对称性协调。二十面体对称性也限制了基因组RNA/DNA和外壳蛋白之间的合作特异性相互作用，这应该反映在病毒基因组序列的准规则分割中。结合离散直接变换和双傅立叶变换，我们研究了不同ssRNA、ssDNA和dsDNA病毒基因组序列中的准规则大规模分割。其中，卫星烟草花叶病毒（Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus）、卫星烟草坏死病毒（Satellite Tobacco Necrosis Virus）、STNV-1、STNV-2、Escherichia coli MS 2、phiX 174、alpha 3、HK 97和猿猴病毒（Simian virus 40）等是代表性的病毒。在它们的基因组中，我们发现了与病毒体组装和二十面体衣壳内的基因组包装相关的基因组序列的显著准规则分段。我们还发现，我们的结果和现有的冷冻电子显微镜数据的衣壳结构和基因组包装在这些病毒之间的良好的对应关系。基因组序列的傅立叶分析提供了对分层基因组包装机制的额外见解，并且可用于验证病毒体组装中3倍或5倍中间体的概念。在选择模型和数据解释时应考虑序列分析的结果。它们也可能有助于抗病毒药物的开发。
英文摘要：
The assembly and maturation of viruses with icosahedral capsids must be coordinated with icosahedral symmetry. The icosahedral symmetry imposes also the restrictions on the cooperative specific interactions between genomic RNA/DNA and coat proteins that should be reflected in quasi-regular segmentation of viral genomic sequences. Combining discrete direct and double Fourier transforms, we studied the quasi-regular large-scale segmentation in genomic sequences of different ssRNA, ssDNA, and dsDNA viruses. The particular representatives included satellite tobacco mosaic virus and the strains of satellite tobacco necrosis virus, STNV-C, STNV-1, STNV-2, Escherichia phages MS2, phiX174, alpha3, and HK97, and Simian virus 40. In all their genomes, we found the significant quasi-regular segmentation of genomic sequences related to the virion assembly and the genome packaging within icosahedral capsid. We also found good correspondence between our results and available cryo-electron microscopy data on capsid structures and genome packaging in these viruses. Fourier analysis of genomic sequences provides the additional insight into mechanisms of hierarchical genome packaging and may be used for verification of the concepts of 3-fold or 5-fold intermediates in virion assembly. The results of sequence analysis should be taken into account at the choice of models and data interpretation. They also may be helpful for the development of antiviral drugs.
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