体物性对扭曲边界条件的不敏感性
Insensitivity of bulk properties to the twisted boundary condition
摘要：
对称性和定域性是量子多体系统中各种非平凡陈述的两个主要来源。我们证明了在有限程相互作用的U（1）对称哈密顿量的带隙相位中，在大系统尺寸的限制下，局部算符的期望值、基态能量和激发能隙以及静态和低频动力学响应等体性质不依赖于扭曲边界条件的U（1）相位.具体地说，它们对扭转角的依赖性与系统的线性维度呈指数抑制。该论点是基于指数衰减的各种类型的等时间关联函数。
英文摘要：
The symmetry and the locality are the two major sources of various nontrivial statements in quantum many-body systems. We demonstrate that, in gapped phases of a U(1) symmetric Hamiltonian with finite-range interactions, the bulk properties such as the expectation value of local operators, the ground state energy and the excitation gap, and the static and low-frequency dynamical responses in general, do not depend on the U(1) phase of the twisted boundary condition in the limit of the large system size. Specifically, their dependence on the twisted angle is exponentially suppressed with the linear dimension of the system. The argument is based on the exponential decay of various types of equal-time correlation functions.
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