一维相互作用费米气体动力学结构因子的测量
Measurement of the Dynamical Structure Factor of a 1D Interacting Fermi Gas
摘要：
本文测量了小激发能下相互作用的一维费米气体的动力学结构因子$S(q,ω)$。我们利用$^6$ Li原子的两个最低的超精细能级形成了一个赝自旋1/2系统，其s波相互作用是通过费什巴赫共振可调的。原子被二维光晶格限制在一维。布拉格光谱用于测量气体对动量$q$和频率$ω$的密度（“电荷”）模式激发的响应。光谱是通过改变$ω$获得的，而两束激光束之间的角度决定了$q$，它被固定为小于费米动量$k_\textrm{F}$。测量结果符合Tomonaga-Luttinger理论。
英文摘要：
We present measurements of the dynamical structure factor $S(q,ω)$ of an interacting one-dimensional (1D) Fermi gas for small excitation energies. We use the two lowest hyperfine levels of the $^6$Li atom to form a pseudo-spin-1/2 system whose s-wave interactions are tunable via a Feshbach resonance. The atoms are confined to 1D by a two-dimensional optical lattice. Bragg spectroscopy is used to measure a response of the gas to density ("charge") mode excitations at a momentum $q$ and frequency $ω$. The spectrum is obtained by varying $ω$, while the angle between two laser beams determines $q$, which is fixed to be less than the Fermi momentum $k_\textrm{F}$. The measurements agree well with Tomonaga-Luttinger theory.
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