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arXiv 1803.04419astro-ph.GA
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SHINING，近星系远红外线巡天。I：调查描述、观察趋势和线路诊断

SHINING, A Survey of Far Infrared Lines in Nearby Galaxies. I: Survey Description, Observational Trends, and Line Diagnostics

R. Herrera-Camus, E. Sturm, J. Graciá-Carpio, D. Lutz, A. Contursi, S. Veilleux, J. Fischer, E. González-Alfonso, A. Poglitsch, L. Tacconi, R. Genzel, R. Maioli… 展开作者

R. Herrera-Camus, E. Sturm, J. Graciá-Carpio, D. Lutz, A. Contursi, S. Veilleux, J. Fischer, E. González-Alfonso, A. Poglitsch, L. Tacconi, R. Genzel, R. Maiolino, A. Sternberg, R. Davies, A. Verma

备注：
30 pages, 13 Figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
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摘要：

我们使用Herschel/PACS光谱仪来研究构成SHINING调查的52个星系样本中的全球和空间分辨远红外（FIR）精细结构线发射。这些星系包括恒星形成、活动星系核（AGN）和亮红外星系（LIRGs）。我们发现越来越多的星系（和星系内千秒差距大小的区域）与低线到FIR连续比作为一个函数的增加FIR光度（$L_{\mathrm{FIR}}$），尘埃红外颜色，$L_{\mathrm{FIR}}$分子气体质量比（$L_{\mathrm{FIR}}/M_{\mathrm{mol}}$），和FIR表面亮度（$Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$）。[CII]/FIR或[OI]/FIR比值与$Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$之间的相关性非常紧密（在$Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$中，$\sim0.3$ dex散射几乎超过四个数量级）。我们观察到具有$L_{\mathrm{FIR}}/M_{\mathrm{mol}} \gtrsim 80\,L_{\odot}\,M_{\odot}^{-1}$和$Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}\gtrsim10^{11}$ $L_{\odot}$ kpc $^{-2}$的星系倾向于具有弱的精细结构线-远红外连续比，并且具有红外尺寸$\gtrsim1$ kpc的LIRG具有与在典型恒星形成星系中观察到的线-远红外比相当的线-远红外连续比。我们在论文II中分析了驱动这些趋势的物理机制（Herrera-Camus et al. 2018）。对[CII]、[NII]和[OIII]谱线的综合分析表明，在最活跃的恒星形成区域中，来自中性气体的[CII]谱线发射的比例从60%增加到90%，而来自电离气体的发射与低电离、扩散气体有关，而不是与HII区域的致密气体有关。最后，我们报告的全球和空间分辨线通量的闪耀星系，使未来的本地和高$z$研究的比较和规划。

英文摘要：

We use the Herschel/PACS spectrometer to study the global and spatially resolved far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure line emission in a sample of 52 galaxies that constitute the SHINING survey. These galaxies include star-forming, active-galactic nuclei (AGN), and luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs). We find an increasing number of galaxies (and kiloparsec size regions within galaxies) with low line-to-FIR continuum ratios as a function of increasing FIR luminosity ($L_{\mathrm{FIR}}$), dust infrared color, $L_{\mathrm{FIR}}$ to molecular gas mass ratio ($L_{\mathrm{FIR}}/M_{\mathrm{mol}}$), and FIR surface brightness ($Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$). The correlations between the [CII]/FIR or [OI]/FIR ratios with $Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$ are remarkably tight ($\sim0.3$ dex scatter over almost four orders of magnitude in $Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}$). We observe that galaxies with $L_{\mathrm{FIR}}/M_{\mathrm{mol}} \gtrsim 80\,L_{\odot}\,M_{\odot}^{-1}$ and $Σ_{\mathrm{FIR}}\gtrsim10^{11}$ $L_{\odot}$ kpc$^{-2}$ tend to have weak fine-structure line-to-FIR continuum ratios, and that LIRGs with infrared sizes $\gtrsim1$ kpc have line-to-FIR ratios comparable to those observed in typical star-forming galaxies. We analyze the physical mechanisms driving these trends in Paper II (Herrera-Camus et al. 2018). The combined analysis of the [CII], [NII], and [OIII] lines reveals that the fraction of the [CII] line emission that arises from neutral gas increases from 60% to 90% in the most active star-forming regions and that the emission originating in the ionized gas is associated with low-ionization, diffuse gas rather than with dense gas in HII regions. Finally, we report the global and spatially resolved line fluxes of the SHINING galaxies to enable the comparison and planning of future local and high-$z$ studies.

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