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arXiv 1802.08021cs.DCstat.ML
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SparCML:用于机器学习的高性能稀疏通信

SparCML: High-Performance Sparse Communication for Machine Learning

Cedric Renggli, Saleh Ashkboos, Mehdi Aghagolzadeh, Dan Alistarh, Torsten Hoefler

摘要:

将机器学习技术应用于科学和工业中快速增长的数据需要高度可扩展的算法。大型数据集通常是分布在许多节点上的“数据并行”处理。每个节点对整体梯度的贡献使用全局allreduce求和。这种allreduce是单一通信,因此是大多数机器学习工作负载的可扩展性瓶颈。我们经常观察到,许多梯度值(接近)为零,导致稀疏的稀疏通信。为了利用这一洞察力,我们分析,设计,并实现了一组通信高效的协议稀疏输入数据,结合高效的机器学习算法,可以利用这些原语。我们的通信协议通过允许进程贡献任意稀疏的输入数据向量来概括标准的集体操作。我们的通用通信库SparCML扩展了MPI以支持其他功能,例如非阻塞(异步)操作和低精度数据表示。因此,SparCML及其技术将成为未来高度可扩展的机器学习框架的基础。

英文摘要:

Applying machine learning techniques to the quickly growing data in science and industry requires highly-scalable algorithms. Large datasets are most commonly processed "data parallel" distributed across many nodes. Each node's contribution to the overall gradient is summed using a global allreduce. This allreduce is the single communication and thus scalability bottleneck for most machine learning workloads. We observe that frequently, many gradient values are (close to) zero, leading to sparse of sparsifyable communications. To exploit this insight, we analyze, design, and implement a set of communication-efficient protocols for sparse input data, in conjunction with efficient machine learning algorithms which can leverage these primitives. Our communication protocols generalize standard collective operations, by allowing processes to contribute arbitrary sparse input data vectors. Our generic communication library, SparCML, extends MPI to support additional features, such as non-blocking (asynchronous) operations and low-precision data representations. As such, SparCML and its techniques will form the basis of future highly-scalable machine learning frameworks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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