用于倍增管的近等距端子嵌入
Near Isometric Terminal Embeddings for Doubling Metrics
摘要:
给定度量空间$(X,d)$、终端集合$K\subseteq X$和参数$t\ge 1$,我们考虑度量结构(例如,空间、距离预言器、嵌入到赋范空间中),其将$K\times X$中的所有对的距离保持到$t$的因子,并且具有小的大小(例如,空间的边的数量、嵌入的维度)。虽然已知这样的终端(也称为按源)度量结构存在于若干设置中,但是没有终端嵌入或嵌入失真接近1,即,$t=1+ε$是目前已知的一些小型$0<ε<1$。在这里,我们设计这样的终端度量结构{ \em加倍}度量,并表明,基本上任何度量结构与失真$1+ε$和大小$s(|X|)$有其终端对应,与失真$1+O(ε)$和大小$s(|K|)+1$。特别地,对于$n$点、$k=o(n)$终端集和常数$0<ε<1$上的任何加倍度量,存在:(1)对于$K\times X$中的对,具有$n+o(n)$边的具有拉伸$1+ε$的矩阵。(2)一种使用$1+ε$对$K\times X$中的对进行拉伸的标记方案,标记大小为$\approx \log k$。(3)一种嵌入到$\ell_\infty^d$中的方法,对于$K\times X$中的对,具有失真$1+ε$,其中$d=O(\log k)$。此外,令人惊讶的是,最后两个结果适用于只有PDMATHBNE是一个加倍度量,而PDMATHBNF可以是任意的。
英文摘要:
Given a metric space $(X,d)$, a set of terminals $K\subseteq X$, and a parameter $t\ge 1$, we consider metric structures (e.g., spanners, distance oracles, embedding into normed spaces) that preserve distances for all pairs in $K\times X$ up to a factor of $t$, and have small size (e.g. number of edges for spanners, dimension for embeddings). While such terminal (aka source-wise) metric structures are known to exist in several settings, no terminal spanner or embedding with distortion close to 1, i.e., $t=1+ε$ for some small $0<ε<1$, is currently known. Here we devise such terminal metric structures for {\em doubling} metrics, and show that essentially any metric structure with distortion $1+ε$ and size $s(|X|)$ has its terminal counterpart, with distortion $1+O(ε)$ and size $s(|K|)+1$. In particular, for any doubling metric on $n$ points, a set of $k=o(n)$ terminals, and constant $0<ε<1$, there exists: (1) A spanner with stretch $1+ε$ for pairs in $K\times X$, with $n+o(n)$ edges. (2) A labeling scheme with stretch $1+ε$ for pairs in $K\times X$, with label size $\approx \log k$. (3) An embedding into $\ell_\infty^d$ with distortion $1+ε$ for pairs in $K\times X$, where $d=O(\log k)$. Moreover, surprisingly, the last two results apply if only $K$ is a doubling metric, while $X$ can be arbitrary.
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