磁流变液动态密封
Dynamic Sealing Using Magneto-Rheological Fluids
摘要：
微泵是一种微流体元件，广泛应用于化学分析、生物传感和微型机器人等领域。然而，开发微型泵的一个障碍是相对于它们的宏观尺度对应物的极低效率。提出了一种利用磁流变液对外啮合齿轮泵进行动密封的方法，以减小齿轮泵齿顶与泵壳间隙的容积损失。通过减少这些损失，我们能够在当前的机械结构和制造公差下实现高效率和高体积精度。对磁流变液的静、动密封进行了理论和实验研究。用流体压力梯度和动边界速度定义的两个梅森数$Mn\left(p\right)$和$Mn\left(Ω\right)$来表征和评价密封性能。探索一系列磁场强度以确定最佳密封效果，其中使用体积损失和摩擦系数的比率来评估效果。最后，我们量化了这种动态密封方法在不同工况下对齿轮泵的有效性。
英文摘要：
Micropumps are microfluidic components which are widely used in applications such as chemical analysis, biological sensing and micro-robots. However, one obstacle in developing micropumps is the extremely low efficiency relative to their macro-scale counterparts. This paper presents a dynamic sealing method for external gear pumps to reduce the volumetric losses through the clearance between the tips of gears and the housing by using magneto-rheological (MR) fluids. By mitigating these losses, we are able to achieve high efficiency and high volumetric accuracy with current mechanical architectures and manufacturing tolerances. Static and dynamic sealing using MR fluids are investigated theoretically and experimentally. Two Mason numbers $Mn\left(p\right)$ and $Mn\left(Ω\right)$ which are defined in terms of pressure gradient of the flow and velocity of the moving boundary respectively are used to characterize and evaluate the sealing performance. A range of magnetic field intensities is explored to determine optimal sealing effectiveness, where effectiveness is evaluated using the ratio of volumetric loss and friction factor. Finally, we quantify the effectiveness of this dynamic sealing method under different working conditions for gear pumps.
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