带ATLAS的电弱探针
Electroweak probes with ATLAS
摘要：
测量高能相对论性重离子碰撞中的电弱玻色子，通过限制相互作用的初始状态，提供了了解这种碰撞中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体的时间演化的机会。由于缺乏色荷，在轻子衰变中产生的玻色子和/或粒子不受夸克-胶子等离子体的影响，因此保留了它们诞生时碰撞的非常早期的信息。这使得电弱玻色子成为重离子碰撞中一类独特而有趣的观测量。大型强子对撞机的ATLAS实验测量了pp、p+Pb和Pb + Pb碰撞系统中电弱玻色子的产生。现有的结果进行了审查，在这个过程中，其中包括孤立的光子约束的运动学特性和味道组成的相关射流，测量的W和Z玻色子用于估计核修改的部分子分布函数和生产率的玻色子用于验证几何模型暗示估计事件中心性的研究。本文还讨论了一种新的测量两粒子关联的分析方法。这是第一次尝试打破PP碰撞的初始几何形状，通过约束碰撞参量与硬散射过程。结果表明，在这种碰撞中，两粒子关联的强度为1.08+/-0.06。ATLAS测量解决了高堆积条件下的下伏同相轴测量的技术难题。
英文摘要：
Measuring electroweak bosons in relativistic heavy ion collisions at high energy provide an opportunity to understand temporal evolution of the quark-gluon plasma created in such collisions by constraining the initial state of the interaction. Due to lack of color charges the bosons and or particles produced in their leptonic decays are unaffected by the quark-gluon plasma and therefore preserve the information about the very early stage of the collision when they were born. This singles electroweak bosons as a unique and very interesting class of observables in heavy ion collisions. The ATLAS experiment at LHC measures production of electroweak bosons in pp, p+Pb, and Pb + Pb collisions systems. A review of the existing results is given in this proceeding that includes studies made with isolated photons to constraint kinematic properties and flavour composition of associated jets, measurements of W and Z bosons used to estimate nuclear modification of parton distribution function and the production rates of the bosons used to verify geometric models implied to estimate event centrality. A novel analysis on measuring two-particle correlations in pp collisions where the Z boson is registered is also discussed in the proceeding. This is the first attempt to break into the initial geometry of the pp collisions by constraining the impact parameter with a hard scattering process. It shows that the strength of the two particle correlations in such collision is 1.08+/-0.06 above the inclusive. To make the measurement ATLAS solves the technical problem of measuring the underlying event in high pileup condition.
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