量子决策理论中的定量预测
Quantitative Predictions in Quantum Decision Theory
摘要:
本文将作者提出的适用于有收益彩票的量子决策理论推广到既有收益又有损失的彩票博弈。该方法的数学结构基于量子测量理论,这使得该方法与人类决策的描述和人工量子智能的创建都相关。一般规则制定允许量子概率的显式计算代表决策者的分数更喜欢考虑的前景。这提供了一种方法来定量预测决策者的选择,包括经典的预期效用理论失败的高不确定性的游戏的情况下。该方法适用于一组彩票赌博的收益和损失的实验结果。我们的预测,不涉及拟合参数,是在非常好的协议与实验数据。量子决策在博弈论中的使用进行了说明。提出了一种创造量子人工智能的基本方案。
英文摘要:
Quantum Decision Theory, advanced earlier by the authors, and illustrated for lotteries with gains, is generalized to the games containing lotteries with gains as well as losses. The mathematical structure of the approach is based on the theory of quantum measurements, which makes this approach relevant both for the description of decision making of humans and the creation of artificial quantum intelligence. General rules are formulated allowing for the explicit calculation of quantum probabilities representing the fraction of decision makers preferring the considered prospects. This provides a method to quantitatively predict decision-maker choices, including the cases of games with high uncertainty for which the classical expected utility theory fails. The approach is applied to experimental results obtained on a set of lottery gambles with gains and losses. Our predictions, involving no fitting parameters, are in very good agreement with experimental data. The use of quantum decision making in game theory is described. A principal scheme of creating quantum artificial intelligence is suggested.
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