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arXiv 1802.05802eess.SYcs.OScs.SY
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无人机飞行控制器的端到端分析与设计

End-to-end Analysis and Design of a Drone Flight Controller

Boston University(波士顿大学)

Zhuoqun Cheng, Richard West, Craig Einstein

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于任务调度和通信抽象的可组合管道模型,用于分析飞行控制器的端到端时间特性,并通过实验验证了其在多旋翼无人机上的应用效果。

摘要:

实时保障对于必须在感知、处理和执行之间绑定端到端延迟的网络物理应用至关重要。例如,在多旋翼无人机的飞行控制器中,陀螺仪或惯性传感器的数据必须被收集和处理以确定飞机的姿态。传感器数据融合后,控制决策会通过调整电机速度来改变无人机的飞行。如果感知到执行之间的处理管道没有被绑定,无人机将失去控制,可能无法维持飞行。受在Quest RTOS上实现多线程无人机飞行控制器的启发,我们开发了一种基于系统任务调度和通信抽象的可组合管道模型。该管道模型用于分析端到端时间的两种语义:反应时间和新鲜时间。我们还认为,端到端定时属性应在应用设计的早期阶段加以考虑。因此,我们提供了一个数学框架,用于推导满足给定端到端定时约束集和可调度性要求的可行任务周期。我们通过将Cleanflight飞行控制器固件移植到Quest上的Intel Aero板来展示我们设计方法的适用性。实验表明,移植到Quest的Cleanflight能够实现端到端延迟在分析推导出的时间范围内。

英文摘要:

Timing guarantees are crucial to cyber-physical applications that must bound the end-to-end delay between sensing, processing and actuation. For example, in a flight controller for a multirotor drone, the data from a gyro or inertial sensor must be gathered and processed to determine the attitude of the aircraft. Sensor data fusion is followed by control decisions that adjust the flight of a drone by altering motor speeds. If the processing pipeline between sensor input and actuation is not bounded, the drone will lose control and possibly fail to maintain flight. Motivated by the implementation of a multithreaded drone flight controller on the Quest RTOS, we develop a composable pipe model based on the system's task, scheduling and communication abstractions. This pipe model is used to analyze two semantics of end-to-end time: reaction time and freshness time. We also argue that end-to-end timing properties should be factored in at the early stage of application design. Thus, we provide a mathematical framework to derive feasible task periods that satisfy both a given set of end-to-end timing constraints and the schedulability requirement. We demonstrate the applicability of our design approach by using it to port the Cleanflight flight controller firmware to Quest on the Intel Aero board. Experiments show that Cleanflight ported to Quest is able to achieve end-to-end latencies within the predicted time bounds derived by analysis.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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