Chameleon and symmetron theories serve as archetypal models for how light scalar fields can couple to matter with gravitational strength or greater, yet evade the stringent constraints from classical tests of gravity on Earth and in the Solar System. In this work, we investigate how a precision measurement of the electron magnetic moment places meaningful constraints on both chameleons and symmetrons. Two effects are identified: First, virtual chameleons and symmetrons run in loops to generate quantum corrections to the intrinsic value of the magnetic moment; a common process widely considered in the literature for many scenarios beyond the Standard Model. A second effect, however, is unique to scalar fields that exhibit screening. A scalar bubblelike profile forms inside the experimental vacuum chamber and exerts a fifth force on the electron, leading to a systematic shift in the experimental measurement. In quantifying this latter effect, we present a novel approach that combines analytic arguments and a small number of numerical simulations to solve for the bubblelike profile quickly for a large range of model parameters. Taken together, both effects yield interesting constraints in complementary regions of parameter space. While the constraints we obtain for the chameleon are largely uncompetitive with those in the existing literature, this still represents the tightest constraint achievable yet from an experiment not originally designed to search for fifth forces. We break more ground with the symmetron, for which our results exclude a large and previously unexplored region of parameter space. Central to this achievement are the quantum correction terms, which are able to constrain symmetrons with masses in the range $μ\in [10^{-3.88},10^8]\,\text{eV}$, whereas other experiments have hitherto only been sensitive to 1 or 2 orders of magnitude at a time.
Potential of constraining the Fifth Force Using the Earth as a Spin and Mass Source from space
Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；École Centrale de Pékin（巴黎中央理工学院北京校区）；Sino-French Carbon Neutrality Research Center（中法碳中和研究中心）；Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education（彭桓武科教协同中心）；Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics（先进核材料物理北京市重点实验室）；Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT)（南方核科学理论中心）；Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院近代物理研究所）；Johannes Gutenberg University（约翰内斯·古腾堡大学）；Helmholtz Institute Mainz（亥姆霍兹美因茨研究所）
Using the Pericentre Precession of LAGEOS II to Constrain Quadratically Coupled Ultralight Dark Matter
University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学）；Leinweber Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校莱因韦伯理论物理研究所）；Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory（劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室）；Università degli Studi di Torino（都灵大学）
Probing Solar Chameleons with XENONnT Ionization-Only Data
University of Trento（特伦托大学）；Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA)-INFN（特伦托基础物理与应用研究所（TIFPA）-意大利国家核物理研究所）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）
Direct detection of solar chameleons with electron recoil data from XENONnT
University of Trento（特伦托大学）；Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA)-INFN（特伦托基础物理与应用研究所（TIFPA）-意大利国家核物理研究所）；University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology (KICC), University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Universidad de Zaragoza（萨拉戈萨大学）；Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías, Universidad de Zaragoza（萨拉戈萨大学高能天体粒子物理中心）；University of Salerno（萨莱诺大学）；INFN Sezione di Napoli, Gruppo Collegato di Salerno（意大利国家核物理研究所那不勒斯分部萨莱诺协作组）；Technische Universität Dortmund（多特蒙德工业大学）
