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arXiv 1802.04714astro-ph.HE
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类星体喷流的X射线成像综述--全面综述

An X-ray Imaging Survey of Quasar Jets -- The Complete Survey

H. L. Marshall, J. M. Gelbord, D. M. Worrall, M. Birkinshaw, D. A. Schwartz, D. L. Jauncey, G. Griffiths, D. W. Murphy, J. E. J. Lovell, E. S. Perlman, L. Godfrey

摘要:

本文介绍了一个具有喷流结构的平谱射电类星体通量受限样品的Chandra X射线成像。X射线从56个喷射器中的59%被检测到。没有发现反喷流。堆芯光谱由具有光子指数$Γ_x$的幂律光谱拟合,其分布与平均值为1.61{+0.04}{-0.05}且色散为0.15{+0.04}{-0.03}的正态分布一致。我们发现,分布的$α_{rx}$,光谱指数之间的X射线和无线电波段喷流,符合高斯平均值为0.974 $\pm$ 0.012和色散0.077 $\pm$ 0.008。我们测试的模型,其中kpc级的X射线的结果从逆康普顿散射的宇宙微波背景光子喷流的相对论电子(IC-CMB模型)。在IC-CMB模型中,根据观测到的通量和发射区的表观大小计算出的Q值与红移的关系为$(1+z)^{3+α}$。我们拟合了$Q \propto (1+z)^{a}$,发现了$a = 0.88 \pm 0.90$,并在99.5%的置信度下拒绝了平均$α_{rx}$以IC-CMB模型中预期的方式依赖于红移的假设。由于缺乏对发射区几何形状的详细了解,这需要更深或更高分辨率的X射线观测,从而减轻了这一结论。此外,如果IC-CMB模型对于kpc尺度喷流的X射线发射是有效的,那么喷流必须平均减速:在pc和kpc尺度之间,体洛伦兹因子应该从大约15下降到2-3。我们的结果复合的问题,IC-CMB模型在解释的X射线发射的kpc尺度喷流。

英文摘要:

We present Chandra X-ray imaging of a flux-limited sample of flat spectrum radio-emitting quasars with jet-like structure. X-rays are detected from 59% of 56 jets. No counterjets were detected. The core spectra are fitted by power law spectra with photon index $Γ_x$ whose distribution is consistent with a normal distribution with mean 1.61{+0.04}{-0.05} and dispersion 0.15{+0.04}{-0.03}. We show that the distribution of $α_{rx}$, the spectral index between the X-ray and radio band jet fluxes, fits a Gaussian with mean 0.974 $\pm$ 0.012 and dispersion 0.077 $\pm$ 0.008. We test the model in which kpc-scale X-rays result from inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons off the jet's relativistic electrons (the IC-CMB model). In the IC-CMB model, a quantity Q computed from observed fluxes and the apparent size of the emission region depends on redshift as $(1+z)^{3+α}$. We fit $Q \propto (1+z)^{a}$, finding $a = 0.88 \pm 0.90$ and reject at 99.5% confidence the hypothesis that the average $α_{rx}$ depends on redshift in the manner expected in the IC-CMB model. This conclusion is mitigated by lack of detailed knowledge of the emission region geometry, which requires deeper or higher resolution X-ray observations. Furthermore, if the IC-CMB model is valid for X-ray emission from kpc-scale jets, then the jets must decelerate on average: bulk Lorentz factors should drop from about 15 to 2-3 between pc and kpc scales. Our results compound the problems that the IC-CMB model has in explaining the X-ray emission of kpc-scale jets.

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