搜索者根据自然场景中的目标特征调整他们的眼动动力学
Searchers adjust their eye movement dynamics to the target characteristics in natural scenes
摘要：
当在自然场景中搜索目标时，目标的视觉属性和与背景的相似性都会影响人类是否能够找到它（以及多快）。然而，到目前为止，还不清楚搜索者是否调整他们的眼球运动的动态（例如，注视持续时间、扫视幅度）到它们搜索的目标。在我们的实验中，参与者搜索自然场景中的六个不同的空间频率的人造目标在整个连续八个会话。高空间频率的目标导致较小的扫视幅度和较短的固定时间比低空间频率的目标，如果目标的身份是已知的试验前。如果一个扫视被编程在相同的方向作为前一个扫视（扫视动量），固定持续时间和连续扫视幅度不受目标类型。动量眼跳终点的视觉显著性和经验密度相对较低，表明这些眼跳的选择性较低。我们的研究结果表明，搜索者调整他们的眼球运动动态搜索目标在一个明智的方式，因为低空间频率是可见的更远的外围比高空间频率。此外，我们的效果的扫视方向特异性表明扫视分为默认的扫描机制和选择性的，目标依赖的机制。
英文摘要：
When searching a target in a natural scene, both the target's visual properties and similarity to the background influence whether (and how fast) humans are able to find it. However, thus far it has been unclear whether searchers adjust the dynamics of their eye movements (e.g., fixation durations, saccade amplitudes) to the target they search for. In our experiment participants searched natural scenes for six artificial targets with different spatial frequency throughout eight consecutive sessions. High-spatial frequency targets led to smaller saccade amplitudes and shorter fixation durations than low-spatial frequency targets if target identity was known before the trial. If a saccade was programmed in the same direction as the previous saccade (saccadic momentum), fixation durations and successive saccade amplitudes were not influenced by target type. Visual saliency and empirical density at the endpoints of saccadic momentum saccades were comparatively low, indicating that these saccades were less selective. Our results demonstrate that searchers adjust their eye movement dynamics to the search target in a sensible fashion, since low-spatial frequencies are visible farther into the periphery than high-spatial frequencies. Additionally, the saccade direction specificity of our effects suggests a separation of saccades into a default scanning mechanism and a selective, target-dependent mechanism.
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