石墨烯中的光激发级联和量子相对论喷流
Photoexcitation Cascade and Quantum-Relativistic Jets in Graphene
摘要：
在狄拉克材料中，线性能带色散阻碍了动量守恒的带间跃迁，为光激发级联中的电子-空穴对产生和载流子倍增创造了瓶颈。在这里，我们表明，衰变是畅通的，瓶颈是由微妙的多体效应，涉及多个离壳电子氢对缓解。这种衰变是由于许多软电子对的发射而引起的集体行为。我们讨论的特征签名的壳外途径，特别是尖锐的角分布的二次载流子，类似于相对论射流在高能物理。这些喷流可以用固态的粒子探测器直接探测。共线散射增强了载流子倍增，允许每个单个吸收光子发射多达${\sim}10$二次载流子。
英文摘要：
In Dirac materials linear band dispersion blocks momentum-conserving interband transitions, creating a bottleneck for electron-hole pair production and carrier multiplication in the photoexcitation cascade. Here we show that the decays are unblocked and the bottleneck is relieved by subtle many-body effects involving multiple off-shell e-h pairs. The decays result from a collective behavior due to emission of many soft pairs. We discuss characteristic signatures of the off-shell pathways, in particular the sharp angular distribution of secondary carriers, resembling relativistic jets in high-energy physics. The jets can be directly probed using solid-state equivalent of particle detectors. Collinear scattering enhances carrier multiplication, allowing for emission of as many as ${\sim}10$ secondary carriers per single absorbed photon.
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