爱因斯坦-德哈斯效应的量子多体动力学
Quantum many-body dynamics of the Einstein-de Haas effect
摘要：
1915年，爱因斯坦、德哈斯和巴内特证明，改变磁性材料的磁化强度会导致机械旋转，反之亦然。在微观层面上，这种效应控制着电子自旋和轨道角动量之间的转移，以及晶格自由度，理解这是分子磁体，纳米磁力学，自旋电子学和超快磁性的关键。到目前为止，电子到晶格角动量转移的时间尺度仍然不清楚，因为在微观水平上模拟这个过程需要添加无限数量的量子角动量。我们表明，这个问题可以解决重新制定它在最近发现的角动量准粒子，这导致在旋转不变的量子多体理论。特别是，我们证明了非微扰效应发生，即使电子-声子耦合是弱的，并引起角动量转移飞秒时间尺度。
英文摘要：
In 1915, Einstein and de Haas and Barnett demonstrated that changing the magnetization of a magnetic material results in mechanical rotation, and vice versa. At the microscopic level, this effect governs the transfer between electron spin and orbital angular momentum, and lattice degrees of freedom, understanding which is key for molecular magnets, nano-magneto-mechanics, spintronics, and ultrafast magnetism. Until now, the timescales of electron-to-lattice angular momentum transfer remain unclear, since modeling this process on a microscopic level requires addition of an infinite amount of quantum angular momenta. We show that this problem can be solved by reformulating it in terms of the recently discovered angulon quasiparticles, which results in a rotationally invariant quantum many-body theory. In particular, we demonstrate that non-perturbative effects take place even if the electron--phonon coupling is weak and give rise to angular momentum transfer on femtosecond timescales.
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