青年妇女结核病高死亡率的高精度探讨
Excess-tuberculosis-mortality in young women: high accuracy exploration
摘要：
一般而言，在所有年龄段和几乎所有疾病中，男性死亡率都高于女性死亡率。在这里，我们报告了一个相反的情况，即在5至25岁的结核病死亡率中，女性死亡率比男性高出约两倍。这一观察结果之所以令人感兴趣，是因为它发生在所有有数据可用的国家（例如英国、瑞士和美国），以及从19世纪末到20世纪60年代结核病在所有发达国家成为非常罕见疾病的所有年份。值得注意的是，尽管死亡人数急剧减少，但这种规律性仍然存在。这项调查的实际用途是什么？到目前为止，这种异常的原因仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，但效果是如此准确，它可以用来探讨死亡率记录的可靠性和准确性。这一点将在发展中国家的情况下加以解释。例如，事实证明，在“世界卫生组织”公布（和修订）的南非结核病死亡数据中，女性死亡人数肯定被低估了两倍。
英文摘要：
In a general way at all ages and for almost all diseases, male death rates are higher than female death rates. Here we report a case in which the opposite holds, namely for tuberculosis (TB) mortality between the ages of 5 and 25, female death rates are about two times higher than male rates. What makes this observation of interest is that it occurs in all countries for which data are available (e.g. Britain, Switzerland and United States), and in all years from the end of the 19th century up to the time in the 1960s when TB became a very rare disease in all developed countries. The fact that this regularity holds despite a drastic reduction in the number of deaths is also noteworthy. What is the practical usefulness of this investigation? So far, the reason of this anomaly remains an open question but the effect is so accurate that it can be used for probing the reliability and accuracy of mortality records. This will be explained in the case of developing countries. For instance, it turns out that in South African TB death data as published (and revised) by the "World Health Organization", female deaths were certainly under-estimated by a factor of two.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
