在日鞘离子温度中的不稳定性
Uncertainties in the heliosheath ion temperatures
摘要：
旅行者号等离子体观测表明日鞘的物理学相当复杂，特别是从观测中得出的温度与预期不同。为了解释这一事实，日鞘中的温度应该基于$κ$分布而不是麦克斯韦分布，因为前者允许更高的温度。在这里，我们展示了一种简单的方法来计算的$κ$温度时，从数据中估计的麦克斯韦温度。我们使用麦克斯韦分布和$κ$分布的矩来估计$κ$温度。此外，我们表明，截断的$κ$分布给出的压力（温度）是类似的麦克斯韦给出的，只有开始增加更高的截断速度。我们推导出一个简单的公式来转换麦克斯韦到$κ$压力或温度。我们应用这个结果的旅行者-2日鞘观测。
英文摘要：
The Voyager plasma observations show that the physics of the heliosheath is rather complex, and especially that the temperature derived from observation differs from expectations. To explain this fact the temperature in the heliosheath should be based on $κ$ distributions instead of Maxwellians because the former allows for much higher temperature. Here we show an easy way to calculate the $κ$ temperatures when those estimated from the data are given as Maxwellian temperatures. We use the moments of the Maxwellian and $κ$ distributions to estimate the $κ$ temperature. Moreover, we show that the pressure (temperature) given by a truncated $κ$ distribution is similar to that given by a Maxwellian and only starts to increase for higher truncation velocities. We deduce a simple formula to convert the Maxwellian to $κ$ pressure or temperature. We apply this result to the Voyager-2 observations in the heliosheath.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
