US各城市的职业性别差距
Professional Gender Gaps Across US Cities
摘要：
工作环境中的性别不平衡一直是一个令人关切的长期问题。确定这种不平衡的存在是制定帮助克服这些不平衡的政策的关键。在这项工作中，我们研究了美国各个方面的就业性别趋势。这是通过分析从LinkedIn广告平台提取的匿名汇总统计数据来完成的。该数据包含LinkedIn男性和女性用户的数量，具体包括（i）位置、（ii）年龄、（iii）行业和（iv）某些技能。我们研究了这些类别中的哪一个与LinkedIn上相对较高的男性或女性存在最相关。除了检查LinkedIn数据的汇总统计数据外，我们还使用线性回归将性别平衡建模为不同员工特征的函数。我们的研究结果表明，性别差距在所有特征类型中各不相同，但在行业和技能之间的差异最为深刻。我们的LinkedIn数据集中的性别比例与美国劳工统计局提供的数据之间的高度相关性可以作为我们结果的外部验证。
英文摘要：
Gender imbalances in work environments have been a long-standing concern. Identifying the existence of such imbalances is key to designing policies to help overcome them. In this work, we study gender trends in employment across various dimensions in the United States. This is done by analyzing anonymous, aggregate statistics that were extracted from LinkedIn's advertising platform. The data contain the number of male and female LinkedIn users with respect to (i) location, (ii) age, (iii) industry and (iv) certain skills. We studied which of these categories correlate the most with high relative male or female presence on LinkedIn. In addition to examining the summary statistics of the LinkedIn data, we model the gender balance as a function of the different employee features using linear regression. Our results suggest that the gender gap varies across all feature types, but the differences are most profound among industries and skills. A high correlation between gender ratios of people in our LinkedIn data set and data provided by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics serves as external validation for our results.
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