各向异性多带超导体中基于长度尺度的类型学
Hierarchies of Length Scale Based Typology in Anisotropic Multiband Superconductor
摘要：
自从金兹伯格和朗道在1950年的开创性工作以来，超导状态一直按照理论的基本长度尺度、磁场穿透长度和相干长度进行分类。在最简单的单组分情况下，它们形成无量纲比κ。正如Ginzburg在1952年指出的那样，由于材料的各向异性，通常该比率取决于所施加的磁场的方向。因此，单组分材料可以显示类型1超导性时，场施加在一个方向和类型2时，场施加在不同的方向。在本文中，我们将上述长度尺度分析扩展到各向异性多组分超导体，可以有多个相干长度以及多个磁场穿透长度，导致非常规的长度尺度层次。我们表明，在多带超导体的各向异性一般不能重新调整，导致新的制度与各种不同方向的混合层次。例如，一种机制是可能的，其中对于在某个方向上施加的场，相干长度小于在垂直方向之一上的磁场穿透长度，而穿透长度在另一个方向上更大。我们证明了一个新的制度，在那里的相干长度超过磁场穿透长度和涡核重叠的方向上的涡形成条纹，而涡条纹相互排斥的正交方向上的磁场穿透长度超过的相干长度。
英文摘要：
Since Ginzburg and Landau's seminal work in 1950 superconducting states have been classified by the hierarchy of the fundamental length scales of the theory; the magnetic field penetration lengths and coherence lengths. In the simplest single-component case they form a dimensionless ratio κ. As pointed out by Ginzburg in 1952, in general the ratio depends on the direction of the applied magnetic field due to material anisotropies. Single component materials can therefore display type-1 superconductivity when the field is applied in one direction and type-2 when the field is applied in a different direction. In this paper we expand the above length scale analysis to anisotropic multi-component superconductors, that can have multiple coherence lengths as well as multiple magnetic field penetration lengths, leading to unconvential length scale hierarchies. We demonstrate that the anisotropies in multi-band superconductors cannot in general be rescaled, leading to new regimes with various mixed hierarchies in different directions. For example, a regime is possible, where for a field applied in a certain direction coherence lengths are smaller than the magnetic field penetration lengths in one of the perpendicular directions, where as the penetration lengths are lager in the another direction. We demonstrate a new regime, where vortices form stripes in the direction where coherence lengths exceed the magnetic field penetration length and vortex cores overlap, while the vortex stripes repel each other in the orthogonal direction where the magnetic field penetration length exceeds the coherence lengths.
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