关于 p/q 可识别集合
On p/q-recognisable sets
AI总结:
本文研究有理数基 p/q 记数系统下可识别集合,给出其在一阶逻辑中的刻画,并证明自然序和模 q 算子不可识别。
摘要:
设 p/q 为一个有理数。基于 p/q 的记数系统由一个函数定义,该函数将 A_p={0,1,...,p-1} 上的每个有限词求值为某个有理数。我们用 N_p/q 表示该求值函数的像。特别地,N_p/q 包含所有非负整数,且关于 p/q 基的文献通常关注被求值为非负整数的词集;它是一个相当混乱的语言,不是上下文无关的。相反,我们在此研究 (N_p/q)^d 中 p/q 可识别的子集,即由 (A_p)^d 上的有限自动机实现的集合。首先,我们给出这些集合的一阶逻辑可定义性刻画,类似于整数基记数系统的 Büchi-Bruyère 定理所给出的刻画。其次,我们证明自然序关系和模 q 算子不是 p/q 可识别的。
英文摘要:
Let p/q be a rational number. Numeration in base p/q is defined by a function that evaluates each finite word over A_p={0,1,...,p-1} to some rational number. We let N_p/q denote the image of this evaluation function. In particular, N_p/q contains all nonnegative integers and the literature on base p/q usually focuses on the set of words that are evaluated to nonnegative integers; it is a rather chaotic language which is not context-free. On the contrary, we study here the subsets of (N_p/q)^d that are p/q-recognisable, i.e. realised by finite automata over (A_p)^d. First, we give a characterisation of these sets as those definable in a first-order logic, similar to the one given by the Büchi-Bruyère Theorem for integer bases numeration systems. Second, we show that the natural order relation and the modulo-q operator are not p/q-recognisable.
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