强场电离的异质性极限：强超短Laser脉冲对HeH $^+$的碎裂
Heteronuclear Limit of Strong-Field Ionization: Fragmentation of HeH$^+$ by Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulses
摘要：
使用不同波长和强度的氢化氦和同位素体离子束测量了这种最基本的极性分子HeH $^+$的激光诱导碎裂动力学。与强场碎裂的流行解释相反，在强场碎裂中，分子的拉伸主要来自激光诱导的电子激发，非电离解离、单电离和双电离的实验和理论都表明，直接振动激发在这里起着决定性的作用。我们能够重建碎片化途径，并确定每个电离步骤发生的时间以及电子去除前的键长演变。这种极不对称分子的动力学对比著名的对称系统，导致更一般的图片强场分子动力学和促进插值系统之间的两个极端的情况。
英文摘要：
The laser-induced fragmentation dynamics of this most fundamental polar molecule HeH$^+$ are measured using an ion beam of helium hydride and an isotopologue at various wavelengths and intensities. In contrast to the prevailing interpretation of strong-field fragmentation, in which stretching of the molecule results primarily from laser-induced electronic excitation, experiment and theory for nonionizing dissociation, single ionization and double ionization both show that the direct vibrational excitation plays the decisive role here. We are able to reconstruct fragmentation pathways and determine the times at which each ionization step occurs as well as the bond length evolution before the electron removal. The dynamics of this extremely asymmetric molecule contrast the well-known symmetric systems leading to a more general picture of strong-field molecular dynamics and facilitating interpolation to systems between the two extreme cases.
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