耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素的敏感性研究
Susceptibility of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Vancomycin using Liposomal Drug Delivery System
摘要：
金黄色葡萄球菌引起的医院感染是对公共卫生的重大威胁。金黄色葡萄球菌对各种抗生素的耐药性不断增加，这使得设计合适的药物递送系统成为研究的主要焦点。1961年耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的出现，需要使用万古霉素“最后的药物”来治疗这些感染。不幸的是，金黄色葡萄球菌已经开始对万古霉素产生耐药性。药物的脂质体包封在许多情况下已经显示出提供了有效的微生物抑制方法。我们研究了脂质体包裹万古霉素对MRSA的作用，并根据药物的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）评价了脂质体包裹药物与游离药物相比的抗菌活性。脂质体万古霉素的MIC约为游离万古霉素的一半。对MRSA的生长反应表明万古霉素脂质体可诱导培养物进入抑菌状态，并增强吞噬杀伤作用。因此，将抗生素包封在脂质体中的给药显示出极大地改善了药物递送以及MRSA引起的耐药性。
英文摘要：
Staphylococcus aureus responsible for nosocomial infections is a significant threat to the public health. The increasing resistance of S.aureus to various antibiotics has drawn it to a prime focus for research on designing an appropriate drug delivery system. Emergence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 1961, necessitated the use of vancomycin "the drug of last resort" to treat these infections. Unfortunately, S.aureus has already started gaining resistances to vancomycin. Liposome encapsulation of drugs have been earlier shown to provide an efficient method of microbial inhibition in many cases. We have studied the effect of liposome encapsulated vancomycin on MRSA and evaluated the antibacterial activity of the liposome-entrapped drug in comparison to that of the free drug based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug. The MIC for liposomal vancomycin was found to be about half of that of free vancomycin. The growth response of MRSA showed that the liposomal vancomycin induced the culture to go into bacteriostatic state and phagocytic killing was enhanced. Administration of the antibiotic encapsulated in liposome thus was shown to greatly improve the drug delivery as well as the drug resistance caused by MRSA.
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