与GW170817双星中子星螺旋有关的意外信号的迹象
Indications of an unexpected signal associated with the GW170817 binary neutron star inspiral
摘要：
我们报告的实验证据在2.5 $σ$水平的一个意想不到的信号与GW 170817双中子星螺旋。这一证据来自于在一个共同的探测器中同时测量Si-32和Cl-36的$β$ -衰变率的实验室实验。而Si-32和Cl-36的衰变率在螺旋前或螺旋后没有显示出统计相关性，它们在紧接螺旋后的5小时时间间隔内高度相关（$\sim 95\%$）。如果我们把这种相关性解释为是由在螺旋上升过程中发射的粒子的影响引起的，那么我们就可以从引力波信号和$β$衰变数据中的一个峰值之间的时间延迟来估计这些粒子的质量$m_{x}$。我们发现能量为10 MeV的粒子，$m_{x}$ $\lesssim$ 16 eV，其中包括中微子质量区$m_ν$ $\lesssim$ 2 eV。后者是基于三种已知中微子味的质量$m_{i}$的现有极限。此外，我们发现，如果我们包括在重力波信号到达之前的80分钟内的数据，则相关性甚至更强。鉴于大量的放射性核素的衰变正在监测在任何给定的时间，我们推测，其他团体也可能在一个位置，以寻找与GW 170817 inspiral，并可能与其他未来的inspiral相关的放射性核素衰变率的统计暗示波动。
英文摘要：
We report experimental evidence at the 2.5$σ$ level for an unexpected signal associated with the GW170817 binary neutron star inspiral. This evidence derives from a laboratory experiment simultaneously measuring the $β$-decay rates of Si-32 and Cl-36 in a common detector. Whereas the Si-32 and Cl-36 decay rates show no statistical correlation before or after the inspiral, they are highly correlated ($\sim 95\%$) in the 5 hour time interval immediately following the inspiral. If we interpret this correlation as arising from the influence of particles emitted during the inspiral, then we can estimate the mass $m_{x}$ of these particles from the time delay between the gravity-wave signal and a peak in the $β$-decay data. We find for particles of energy 10 MeV, $m_{x}$ $\lesssim$ 16 eV which includes the neutrino mass region $m_ν$ $\lesssim$ 2 eV. The latter is based on existing limits for the masses $m_{i}$ of the three known neutrino flavors. Additionally, we find that the correlation is even stronger if we include data in the 80 minute period before the arrival of the gravity wave signal. Given the large number of radionuclides whose decays are being monitored at any given time, we conjecture that other groups may also be in a position to search for statistically suggestive fluctuations of radionuclide decay rates associated with the GW170817 inspiral, and possibly with other future inspirals.
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