弹簧-质量阻尼器标准磁旋转不稳定机制的实验验证
Experimental Confirmation of the Standard Magnetorotational Instability Mechanism with a Spring-Mass Analogue
摘要：
磁旋转不稳定性（MRI）长期以来一直被认为是一种普遍存在的机制，可以破坏原本稳定的开普勒流，以支持角动量的径向向外传输。这种有效的传输过程将允许恒星和黑洞等天体的快速吸积，释放出丰富的动能，为宇宙中许多最明亮的光源提供动力。但是，尽管十多年来进行了大量的努力，但迄今为止，在纯垂直磁场下的标准MRI从未被直接测量过。在这里，我们报告了一个明确的实验室演示的弹簧质量模拟标准MRI通过比较运动的弹簧栓系球在不同的旋转流。实验证实了这一理论：有效的向外角动量传输只表现在准开普勒流中具有弱弹簧的情况下。我们的实验方法以一种新的方式实现了这一点，从而将固体和流体力学与等离子体天体物理学联系起来。
英文摘要：
The Magnetorotational Instability (MRI) has long been considered a plausibly ubiquitous mechanism to destabilize otherwise stable Keplerian flows to support radially outward transport of angular momentum. Such an efficient transport process would allow fast accretion in astrophysical objects such as stars and black holes to release copious kinetic energy that powers many of the most luminous sources in the universe. But the standard MRI under a purely vertical magnetic field has heretofore never been directly measured despite numerous efforts over more than a decade. Here we report an unambiguous laboratory demonstration of the spring-mass analogue to the standard MRI by comparing motion of a spring-tethered ball within different rotating flows. The experiment corroborates the theory: efficient outward angular momentum transport manifests only for cases with a weak spring in quasi-Keperian flow. Our experimental method accomplishes this in a new way, thereby connecting solid and fluid mechanics to plasma astrophysics.
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