星系团II中球对称爆发和AGN反馈产生的声波：热传导的影响
Sound wave generation by a spherically symmetric outburst and AGN feedback in galaxy clusters II: impact of thermal conduction
摘要：
本文分析了热传导对超大质量黑洞球对称爆发使星系团中心的相对论等离子体气泡膨胀时产生的激波加热气体壳层外观的影响。热的低密度壳层的存在可以作为一个辅助指标，用于在爆发期间高速率的能量释放，这是驱动强冲击进入气体所必需的。在这里，我们表明，传导可以有效地擦除这种壳层，除非电子的扩散受到严重抑制。我们的结论是，能量释放率的更可靠的代表是冲击半径和气泡半径之间的比率。我们还重新讨论了由热传导引起的声波耗散的问题，在这种情况下，声波的特征波长由爆发的总能量设定。对于一个基准短爆发模型，耗散长度不超过冷却半径在一个典型的集群，提供的传导抑制的一个因素不大于$\sim$ 100。对于准连续的能量注入，无论是冲击加热的外壳，也没有传出的声波是重要的和传导的作用是次要的。
英文摘要：
We analyze the impact of thermal conduction on the appearance of a shock-heated gas shell which is produced when a spherically symmetric outburst of a supermassive black hole inflates bubbles of relativistic plasma at the center of a galaxy cluster. The presence of the hot and low-density shell can be used as an ancillary indicator for a high rate of energy release during the outburst, which is required to drive strong shocks into the gas. Here we show that conduction can effectively erase such shell, unless the diffusion of electrons is heavily suppressed. We conclude that a more robust proxy to the energy release rate is the ratio between the shock radius and bubble radius. We also revisited the issue of sound waves dissipation induced by thermal conduction in a scenario, where characteristic wavelength of the sound wave is set by the total energy of the outburst. For a fiducial short outburst model, the dissipation length does not exceed the cooling radius in a typical cluster, provided that the conduction is suppressed by a factor not larger than $\sim$100. For quasi-continuous energy injection neither the shock-heated shell nor the outgoing sound wave are important and the role of conduction is subdominant.
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