通道间受激拉曼散射的高斯噪声模型
The Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-channel Stimulated Raman Scattering
摘要：
高斯噪声（GN）模型，适当占任意频率相关的信号功率分布沿链路。这使得能够评估通道间受激拉曼散射（ISRS）对光学克尔非线性的影响。另外，可以考虑频率相关的光纤衰减，并且可以对使用混合放大方案的传输系统进行建模，其中分布式拉曼放大部分地应用于光谱上。为了包括后两种情况，必须数值求解一组耦合的常微分方程，以获得产生半解析模型的信号功率分布。然而，对于集中放大和光纤衰减的可忽略变化，提出了一种不太复杂且完全解析的模型，称为ISRS GN模型。推导出的模型是精确的高斯调制信号的一阶和广泛的数值分步仿真验证。仿真结果与ISRS GN模型相比，非线性干扰功率的最大偏差为$0.1$~dB，该模型应用于一个光带宽为$10$~THz（代表整个C + L波段）的传输系统。在最佳发射功率下，由于ISRS，非线性干扰功率的变化高达$2$~dB。此外，文献中发表的可比模型与ISRS GN模型进行了基准比较。
英文摘要：
A Gaussian noise (GN) model is presented that properly accounts for an arbitrary frequency dependent signal power profile along the link. This enables the evaluation of the impact of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) on the optical Kerr nonlinearity. Additionally, the frequency dependent fiber attenuation can be taken into account and transmission systems that use hybrid amplification schemes can be modeled, where distributed Raman amplification is partly applied over the optical spectrum. To include the latter two cases, a set of coupled ordinary differential equations must be numerically solved in order to obtain the signal power profile yielding a semi-analytical model. However for lumped amplification and negligible variation in fiber attenuation, a less complex and fully analytical model is presented which is referred to as the ISRS GN model. The derived model is exact to first-order for Gaussian modulated signals and extensively validated by numerical split-step simulations. A maximum deviation of $0.1$~dB in nonlinear interference power between simulations and the ISRS GN model is found. The model is applied to a transmission system that occupies an optical bandwidth of $10$~THz, representing the entire C+L band. At optimum launch power, changes of up to $2$~dB in nonlinear interference power due to ISRS are reported. Furthermore, comparable models published in the literature are benchmarked against the ISRS GN model.
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