Algebraic curves $A^{\circ l}(x)-U(y)=0$ and arithmetic of orbits of rational functions

Dynamical Degrees, Arithmetic Degrees, and Canonical Heights for Dominant Rational Self-Maps of Projective Space

Let F : P^N --> P^N be a dominant rational map. The dynamical degree of F is the quantity d_F = lim (deg F^n)^(1/n). When F is defined over a number field, we define the arithmetic degree of an algebraic point P to be a_F(P) = limsup h(F^n(P))^(1/n) and the canonical height of P to be h_F(P) = limsup h(F^n(P))/n^k d_F^n for an appropriately chosen integer k = k_F. In this article we prove some elementary relations and make some deep conjectures relating d_F, a_F(P), and h_F(P). We prove our conjectures for monomial maps.

On the dynamical and arithmetic degrees of rational self-maps of algebraic varieties

Let f : X --> X be a dominant rational map of a projective variety defined over a global field, let d_f be the dynamical degree of f, and let h_X be a Weil height on X relative to an ample divisor. We prove that h_X(f^n(P)) << (d_f + e)^n h_X(P), where the implied constant depends only on X, h_X, f, and e. As applications, we prove a fundamental inequality a_f(P) \le d_f for the upper arithmetic degree and we construct canonical heights for (nef) divisors. We conjecture that a_f(P) = d_f whenever the orbit of P is Zariski dense, and we describe some cases for which we can prove our conjecture.

Moduli spaces of quadratic maps: arithmetic and geometry

We establish an implication between two long-standing open problems in complex dynamics. The roots of the $n$-th Gleason polynomial $G_n\in\mathbb{Q}[c]$ comprise the $0$-dimensional moduli space of quadratic polynomials with an $n$-periodic critical point. $\mathrm{Per}_n(0)$ is the $1$-dimensional moduli space of quadratic rational maps on $\mathbb{P}^1$ with an $n$-periodic critical point. We show that if $G_n$ is irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$, then $\mathrm{Per}_n(0)$ is irreducible over $\mathbb{C}$. To do this, we exhibit a $\mathbb{Q}$-rational smooth point on a projective completion of…

在算术动力学中生成极端示例的遗传算法

A Genetic Algorithm for Generating Extreme Examples in Arithmetic Dynamics

该研究提出了一种遗传算法，用于在算术动力学中寻找极端示例，扩展了已知的极端行为示例，并为应用机器学习技术创建极端示例奠定了基础。

Arithmetic degrees for dynamical systems over function fields of characteristic zero

We study arithmetic degree of a dominant rational self-map on a smooth projective variety over a function field of characteristic zero. We see that the notion of arithmetic degree and some related problems over function fields are interpreted into geometric ones. We give another proof of the theorem that the arithmetic degree at any point is smaller than or equal to the dynamical degree. We give a sufficient condition for an arithmetic degree to coincide with the dynamical degree, and prove that any self-map has so many points whose arithmetic degrees are equal to the dynamical degree. We stud…

Symmetrization of Rational Maps: Arithmetic Properties and Families of Lattès Maps of $\mathbb P^k$

In this paper we study properties of endomorphisms of $\p^k$ using a symmetric product construction $(\p^1)^k/\mathfrak{S}_k \cong \p^k$. Symmetric products have been used to produce examples of endomorphisms of $\p^k$ with certain characteristics, $k\geq2$. In the present note, we discuss the use of these maps to enlighten stability phenomena in parameter spaces. In particular, we study $k$-deep post-critically finite maps and characterize families of Lattès maps.

Rational values of transcendental functions and arithmetic dynamics

We count algebraic points of bounded height and degree on the graphs of certain functions analytic on the unit disk, obtaining a bound which is polynomial in the degree and in the logarithm of the multiplicative height. We combine this work with p-adic methods to obtain a lower bound of the form $cD^{n/4 - \varepsilon}$ on the degree of the splitting field of $P^{\circ n}(z)=P^{\circ n}(α)$, where $P$ is a polynomial of degree $D\geq 2$ over a number field, $P^{\circ n}$ is its $n$-th iterate and $c$ depends effectively on $P, α$ and $\varepsilon$. Our $c$ is positive for each algebraic $α$ fo…

Divergent Trajectories in Arithmetic Homogeneous Spaces of Rational Rank Two

Let $G$ be a real algebraic group defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, $Γ$ be an arithmetic subgroup of $G$, and $T$ be a maximal $\mathbb{R}$-split torus. A trajectory in $G/Γ$ is divergent if eventually it leaves every compact subset. In some cases there is a finite collection of explicit algebraic data which account for the divergence. If this is the case, the divergent trajectory is called obvious. Given a closed cone in $T$, we study the existence of non-obvious divergent trajectories under its action in $G/Γ$. We get a sufficient condition for the existence of a non-obvious divergence trajectory i…

算术动力学中的Hölder估计与一致性

Hölder estimates and uniformity in arithmetic dynamics

本文利用有理映射格林函数的Hölder性质获得高度估计，将DeMarco和Mavraki关于公共预周期点一致有界性的结果推广到不同次数的有理映射对。

一般轨道的算术次数的存在性与动力 Lang–Siegel 问题

Existence of arithmetic degrees for generic orbits and dynamical Lang-Siegel problem

本文证明支配有理自映射在一般轨道点处算术次数存在，并推广至拟射影簇上的 étale 态射，同时将结果用于动力 Lang–Siegel 问题，刻画局部高度增长与轨道子集的 Banach 密度。

The canonical heights for Jordan blocks of small eigenvalues, preperiodic points, and the arithmetic degrees

We introduce a new canonical height function for Jordan blocks of small eigenvalues for endomorphisms on smooth projective varieties over a number field. We prove that under an assumption on the eigenvalues of the endomorphism on the group of divisors modulo numerical equivalence, the arithmetic degree at a rational point is equal to one if and only if it is preperiodic under the endomorphism.

上同调双曲映射的算术次数与扎里斯基稠密轨道

Arithmetic degrees and Zariski dense orbits of cohomologically hyperbolic maps

本研究针对定义在代数数域代数闭包上的p-上同调双曲有理自映射，探究了算术次数下界、扎里斯基稠密轨道点存在性及预周期点有限性，证明了1-上同调双曲映射的相关性质，并证实算术次数可为超越数。

Dynamical and arithmetic degrees for random iterations of maps on projective space

We show that the dynamical degree of an (i.i.d) random sequence of dominant, rational self-maps on projective space is almost surely constant. We then apply this result to height growth and height counting problems in random orbits.