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arXiv 1801.01490astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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麦哲伦桥星系团NGC 796:深光学AO成像揭示了大质量疏散星团的恒星含量和初始质量函数

The Magellanic Bridge cluster NGC 796: Deep optical AO imaging reveals the stellar content and initial mass function of a massive open cluster

V. M. Kalari, G. Carraro, C. J. Evans, M. Rubio

摘要:

NGC 796是一个巨大的年轻星系团,距离我们59 kpc,位于1/5-1/10 $Z_{\odot}$麦哲伦桥的弥漫星系际介质中,允许探测恒星形成和恒星演化过程中的变化,作为金属丰度的函数,以解析的方式,提供了附近太阳金属丰度的解析研究和位于高红移星系中未解析的遥远贫金属星系团之间的联系。在本文中,我们提出了自适应光学$gri$ H $α$成像的NGC 796(在0.5”,这是~0.14 pc的集群距离)随着光谱的两个明亮的成员,以量化集群的属性。我们的目的是探索恒星形成和恒星演化的变化作为金属丰度的函数,通过比较NGC 796的属性,以更高的金属丰度集群。我们发现,从等时拟合的集群主序列的颜色星等图的年龄为20 $^{+12}_{-5}$百万年。基于星团光度函数,我们得到了一个顶重恒星初始质量函数(IMF),其斜率为$α$ = 1.99 $\pm$ 0.2,暗示了IMF的金属丰度和/或环境依赖性可能导致早期宇宙中的顶重IMF。对H $α$发射线星的研究表明,与金属丰度较高的类似星团相比,经典Be星在B型星中所占的比例较高,这为恒星演化的化学均匀性理论提供了一定的支持。总的来说,NGC 796的总质量估计为990 $\pm200$ $M_{\odot}$,核心半径为1.4 $\pm$ 0.3 pc,这将它归类为一个巨大的年轻疏散星团,在麦哲伦桥的弥漫星际介质中是独一无二的。

英文摘要:

NGC 796 is a massive young cluster located 59 kpc from us in the diffuse intergalactic medium of the 1/5-1/10 $Z_{\odot}$ Magellanic Bridge, allowing to probe variations in star formation and stellar evolution processes as a function of metallicity in a resolved fashion, providing a link between resolved studies of nearby solar-metallicity and unresolved distant metal-poor clusters located in high-redshift galaxies. In this paper, we present adaptive optics $gri$H$α$ imaging of NGC 796 (at 0.5", which is ~0.14 pc at the cluster distance) along with optical spectroscopy of two bright members to quantify the cluster properties. Our aim is to explore if star formation and stellar evolution varies as a function of metallicity by comparing the properties of NGC 796 to higher metallicity clusters. We find from isochronal fitting of the cluster main sequence in the colour-magnitude diagram an age of 20$^{+12}_{-5}$ Myr. Based on the cluster luminosity function, we derive a top-heavy stellar initial mass function (IMF) with a slope $α$ = 1.99$\pm$0.2, hinting at an metallicity and/or environmental dependence of the IMF which may lead to a top-heavy IMF in the early Universe. Study of the H$α$ emission line stars reveals that Classical Be stars constitute a higher fraction of the total B-type stars when compared with similar clusters at greater metallicity, providing some support to the chemically homogeneous theory of stellar evolution. Overall, NGC 796 has a total estimated mass of 990$\pm200$ $M_{\odot}$, and a core radius of 1.4$\pm$0.3 pc which classifies it as a massive young open cluster, unique in the diffuse interstellar medium of the Magellanic Bridge.

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