在本文中,我们展示了如何进行一个相对更真实和完整的重建超新星中微子光谱在未来的大型液体闪烁体探测器,通过实施奇异值分解的方法与适当的正则化。对于银河系中距离$10~{\rm kpc}$的核塌缩超新星,由逆β衰变过程$\overlineν^{}_e + p \to e^+ + n$可以精确测定其$\overlineν^{}_e$谱,其分辨率与江门地下中微子观测站(JUNO)相当的$20~{\rm kiloton}$液体闪烁探测器可以记录5000多个事件。对于$ν^{}_e$和$ν^{}_x$,我们必须主要依靠弹性中微子-电子散射$ν+ e^- \to ν+ e^-$和弹性中微子-质子散射$ν+ p \to ν+ p$,其中$ν$表示所有三种口味的中微子和反中微子的集合,而$ν^{}_x$表示$ν^{}_μ$和$ν^{}_τ$以及它们的反粒子。为了证明我们的方法的有效性,我们还试图重建的中微子光谱,通过使用时间积分的中微子数据从最新的数值模拟延迟中微子驱动的超新星爆炸。
英文摘要:
In this paper, we show how to carry out a relatively more realistic and complete reconstruction of supernova neutrino spectra in the future large liquid-scintillator detectors, by implementing the method of singular value decomposition with a proper regularization. For a core-collapse supernova at a distance of $10~{\rm kpc}$ in the Milky Way, its $\overlineν^{}_e$ spectrum can be precisely determined from the inverse beta-decay process $\overlineν^{}_e + p \to e^+ + n$, for which a $20~{\rm kiloton}$ liquid-scintillator detector with the resolution similar to the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) may register more than 5000 events. We have to rely predominantly on the elastic neutrino-electron scattering $ν+ e^- \to ν+ e^-$ and the elastic neutrino-proton scattering $ν+ p \to ν+ p$ for the spectra of $ν^{}_e$ and $ν^{}_x$, where $ν$ denotes collectively neutrinos and antineutrinos of all three flavors and $ν^{}_x$ for $ν^{}_μ$ and $ν^{}_τ$ as well as their antiparticles. To demonstrate the validity of our approach, we also attempt to reconstruct the neutrino spectra by using the time-integrated neutrino data from the latest numerical simulations of delayed neutrino-driven supernova explosions.
Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detection with Dark Rates in Liquid Scintillators
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(斯坦福直线加速器国家实验室);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics(奥斯卡·克莱因宇宙粒子物理中心);Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学)
Measurement of the proton light response of various LAB based scintillators and its implication for supernova neutrino detection via neutrino-proton scattering
A deuterated liquid scintillator for supernova neutrino detection
对于下一个银河系超新星,运行中的中微子望远镜将比光学望远镜早几个小时测量中微子通量。现有的检测器主要依赖于带电电流相互作用,对$\barν_e$敏感,对$ν_e$敏感程度较低。为了测量其他风味($ν_μ,\barν_μ,ν_τ,\text{and}~\barν_τ$)的通量,我们需要观察它们与检测器的中性电流相互作用。这样的测量不仅对超新星中微子通量的整体标准化至关重要,而且对理解复杂的中微子振荡物理也至关重要。氘基探测器将对所有的中微子都很敏感。在本文中,我们提出了一个1千吨氘液体闪烁体(DLS)的探测器,将看到约435中性电流事件和170(108)带电电流$ν_e$($\barν_e$)事件从一个基准超新星在距离地球10千秒差距。我们探讨了从中性电流通道$\overset{\scriptscriptstyle(-)}ν d \rightarrow \overset{\scriptscriptstyle(-)}νnp$中提取光谱信息的可能性,通过测量末态质子的淬灭动能,其中末态中子被标记并用于减少背景。我们还讨论了探测器中反冲中子的次级相互作用。
Ultralight dark matter search in a large liquid scintillator detector
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所);Kaiping Neutrino Research Center(开平中微子研究中心);Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN(墨西哥国立自治研究院高级研究中心物理系);Departamento de Física, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro(里约热内卢天主教大学物理系)
Characterizing Single-Signal Events from Atmospheric-Neutrino Neutral-Current Interactions in Large Liquid Scintillator Detectors
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所);North China Electric Power University(华北电力大学)