用原子力显微镜研究弹性体复合材料中填料颗粒附近粘结剂状态的特点
Features of the study of binder state near the filler particles in elastomeric composites using an atomic-force microscope
摘要：
原子力显微镜（AFM）是在微米和纳米级水平上研究材料结构及其局部物理力学性能的最有前途的方法之一。用原子力显微镜获得的实验数据有一个严重的问题，评估的准确性和可靠性。当研究具有很强的机械结构异质性的材料时，这一点尤其明显。这种材料包括本文考虑的弹性体，填充刚性分散颗粒。本文提出了一种技术，这种实验数据的数学处理，它可以显着提高其解释的准确性。它基于使用三个标准来过滤和处理最初获得的实验信息。1)该标准的“救济的纳米”，这使得人们有可能提取救济与对象的低曲率从获得的整体图片。在其上，突出在表面上的填料颗粒清晰可见（通常覆盖有弹性体粘合剂的薄膜，在文献中称为粘合橡胶）。2)“粘附偏转”标准，通过该标准，可以通过改变AFM探针和样品表面之间的粘附力来隔离填料颗粒。3)“压痕柔度”标准，旨在确定填料颗粒的位置和刚度。所有这些标准被用来解码分散填充弹性体复合材料表面的AFM扫描数据。通过对所得结果的分析，确定了应用每个标准的最佳条件。此外，实验结果的准确性估计的基础上获得的数据与AFM探针的正向和反向水平运动时，扫描相同的表面区域的比较。
英文摘要：
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the most promising methods for investigating the structure of materials at the micro and nanoscale levels, as well as their local physical-mechanical properties. The experimental data obtained with the help of AFM have a serious problem of assessing the accuracy and reliability. This is especially pronounced when studying materials with a strong mechanical structural heterogeneity. Such materials include considered in this paper elastomers, filled with rigid dispersed particles. The article presents a technique for mathematical processing of such experimental data, which allows to significantly improve the accuracy of their interpretation. It is based on the use of three criteria for filtering and processing the initially obtained experimental information. 1) The criterion of the "relief of the nanoscale", which makes it possible to extract a relief with objects of low curvature from the overall picture obtained. It is on it that the filler particles protruding on the surface are clearly visible (usually covered with a thin film of elastomeric binder, known in the literature as bound rubber). 2) "Adhesion deflection" criterion, by means of which it is possible to isolate the filler particles by changing the adhesion forces between the AFM probe and the sample surface. 3) The criterion of "indentational compliance", designed to determine the location and stiffness of the filler particles. All these criteria were used to decode the AFM scanning data of the surface of disperse filled elastomeric composite. Optimal conditions for the application of each of the criteria were determined from the analysis of the results obtained. Also, the accuracy of the experimental results was estimated on the basis of a comparison of the data obtained with the forward and reverse horizontal motion of the AFM probe when scanning the same surface area.
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