Microwave beam broadening due to turbulent plasma density fluctuations within the limit of the Born approximation and beyond
Alf Köhn, Lorenzo Guidi, Eberhard Holzhauer, Omar Maj, Emanuele Poli, Antti Snicker, Hannes Weber
备注:
This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IoP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
发表信息:
A Köhn et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 60 075006
Plasma turbulence, and edge density fluctuations in particular, can under certain conditions broaden the cross-section of injected microwave beams significantly. This can be a severe problem for applications relying on well-localized deposition of the microwave power, like the control of MHD instabilities. Here we investigate this broadening mechanism as a function of fluctuation level, background density and propagation length in a fusion-relevant scenario using two numerical codes, the full-wave code IPF-FDMC and the novel wave kinetic equation solver WKBeam. The latter treats the effects of fluctuations using a statistical approach, based on an iterative solution of the scattering problem (Born approximation). The full-wave simulations are used to benchmark this approach. The Born approximation is shown to be valid over a large parameter range, including ITER-relevant scenarios.
Non-thermal Broadening of IRIS Fe XXI Lines Caused by Turbulent Plasma Flows in the Magnetic Reconnection Region During Solar Eruptions
磁重联是太阳爆发中能量释放的重要机制,其中高温辐射是研究磁重联过程中等离子体性质的主要诊断手段。紫外光谱仪在重联电流片和耀斑环顶区都观测到了高温谱线的非热展宽,但其成因尚不清楚。在这项工作中,我们使用最近开发的三维磁流体动力学(MHD)模拟磁重联在标准的太阳耀斑的几何形状和揭示高度动态的等离子体流的重联区域。利用MHD模型的参数,包括等离子体的密度、温度和速度,计算了界面区成像光谱仪(IRIS)观测到的Fe XXI 1354谱线的合成剖面。我们的模型表明,在CS和耀斑环顶区域的湍流体等离子体流负责的非热加宽的Fe XXI发射线。模拟的非热速度范围从几十公里秒$^{-1}$到超过两百公里秒$^{-1}$,这是与IRIS观测一致。模拟的二维谱线图也揭示了高度动态的下行流结构,其中高的非热速度很大,这是与观测一致的。
Numerical simulations of waves and turbulence in coronal loops: observables and spectra
Università della Calabria(卡拉布里亚大学);Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ISTP)(等离子体科学与技术研究所,意大利国家研究委员会);Goethe Universität(法兰克福歌德大学);Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - INAF(意大利国家天体物理研究所);Università di Palermo(巴勒莫大学);National Institute for Astrophysics, Astronomical Observatory of Palermo(意大利国家天体物理研究所,巴勒莫天文台);Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory(洛克希德·马丁太阳与天体物理实验室);University of Oslo(奥斯陆大学)
Deep electric field predictions by drift-reduced Braginskii theory with plasma-neutral interactions based upon experimental images of boundary turbulence
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院);Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)
我们通过物理学深度学习提出了二维湍流电场计算,该计算符合(i)在具有纯环向场的轴对称聚变等离子体框架下的漂移减少的Braginskii理论,以及(ii)通过分析Alcator C-Mod托卡马克上放电的喷气成像获得的开放场线上波动电子密度和温度的实验估计。在简化的等离子体湍流模型中,考虑了局部膨胀的氦原子对粒子和能量的影响,增强了电场和电子压力之间的相关性。中性粒子还与加宽湍流场振幅分布和增加${\bf E \times B}$剪切速率直接相关。这表明了一种新的方法,在等离子体实验中,通过求解非线性动力学与偏微分方程和数据不编码显式边界或初始条件一致。
Physics-informed machine learning techniques for edge plasma turbulence modelling in computational theory and experiment
Western University(西安大略大学);MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center(麻省理工学院等离子体科学与聚变中心)
边缘等离子体湍流对磁约束聚变装置的性能至关重要。为了更好地理解理论和实验中的边缘湍流,开发了一个受偏微分方程约束的定制物理学深度学习框架,以准确地从电子压力的部分观测中学习与双流体理论一致的湍流场。这种计算是不可能的,否则使用传统的平衡模型。有了这种技术,第一个直接的定量比较静电双流体理论和电磁gyrokinetic模型之间的湍流场表现出良好的整体协议,发现在磁化螺旋等离子体在低归一化压力。为了将这些计算技术转化为实验聚变等离子体,通过一个新创建的深度学习框架展示了一种将HeI线辐射的亮度测量转化为局部等离子体波动的新方法,该框架集成了中性输运物理和碰撞辐射理论,用于氦原子中的$3^3 D - 2^3 P$跃迁。本论文利用Alcator C-Mod托卡马克装置上的快速相机数据,首次利用单根谱线对聚变等离子体中湍流电子密度、电子温度和中性密度进行了二维时间相关的实验测量。利用实验推断的数据,计算了轴对称聚变等离子体纯环向场框架下符合漂移简化Braginskii理论的二维湍流电场的初始估计值.发现氦原子对粒子和能量源的影响增强了电场和电子压力之间的相关性,同时加宽了影响${\bf E \times B}$流动和剪切速率的湍流场幅度。