在等效原理的理想试验中,试验质量落在一个共同的惯性系中。实际实验受重力梯度的影响,重力梯度通过耦合到测试质量之间的初始运动学差异而引入系统误差。我们展示了一种方法,通过使用镜脉冲的频移来为两个原子物种创建一个有效的惯性系,从而降低了双物种原子干涉仪对初始运动学的灵敏度。这抑制了重力梯度引起的依赖性的微分相位上的初始运动学差异的一个因素为100,并使这些差异的精确测量。我们实现了$Δg / g \approx 6 \times 10^{-11}$每次拍摄的相对精度,这提高了最好的双物种原子干涉仪以前的结果超过三个数量级。通过将重力梯度系统误差抑制到低于$10^{13}$的一部分,这些结果为等效原理的原子测试铺平了道路,其精度可与最先进的经典测试相媲美。
英文摘要:
In an ideal test of the equivalence principle, the test masses fall in a common inertial frame. A real experiment is affected by gravity gradients, which introduce systematic errors by coupling to initial kinematic differences between the test masses. We demonstrate a method that reduces the sensitivity of a dual-species atom interferometer to initial kinematics by using a frequency shift of the mirror pulse to create an effective inertial frame for both atomic species. This suppresses the gravity-gradient-induced dependence of the differential phase on initial kinematic differences by a factor of 100 and enables a precise measurement of these differences. We realize a relative precision of $Δg / g \approx 6 \times 10^{-11}$ per shot, which improves on the best previous result for a dual-species atom interferometer by more than three orders of magnitude. By suppressing gravity gradient systematic errors to below one part in $10^{13}$, these results pave the way for an atomic test of the equivalence principle at an accuracy comparable with state-of-the-art classical tests.
I.C.E.: An Ultra-Cold Atom Source for Long-Baseline Interferometric Inertial Sensors in Reduced Gravity
目前的原子干涉惯性传感器的准确性和精确度与使用基于人工制品的测试质量的最先进的传统设备相媲美。原子传感器非常适合重力惯性场的基本测量。检验引力理论所需的灵敏度可以通过延长干涉仪的基线来实现。移民和海关执法局(Interférométrie Cohérente pour l'Espace)干涉仪旨在通过减少重力在紧凑的设备中实现长的询问时间。我们已经在飞机抛物线飞行中测试了冷原子源。我们表明,这种环境是兼容的自由落体干涉测量使用高达4秒的询问时间。我们提出了下一代装置使用简并气体的低释放速度的原子源在空间实验。
Temporal Pulse Origins in Atom Interferometric Quantum Sensors
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton(南安普顿大学物理与天文学院);Thales UK(泰雷兹英国);Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick(新不伦瑞克大学物理系)
Closed-loop dual-channel atomic beam interferometry beyond the half-fringe limit
Tsinghua University(清华大学);State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments(精密测量技术与仪器国家重点实验室);Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices(北京航天控制器件研究所);Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement Technology(天津量子精密测量技术重点实验室);Zhejiang University(浙江大学);College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University(浙江大学光学工程)
Fine-structure Raman interferometry with metastable barium for magnetically resilient inertial sensing
Department of Physics, Institute of Science Tokyo(东京科学大学物理系);Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo(东京科学大学综合研究学院);Product Development Center, Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Ltd.(日本航空电子工业有限公司产品开发中心)