IoT设备区块链同步通信流量分析
Analysis of the Communication Traffic for Blockchain Synchronization of IoT Devices
摘要：
区块链是一种独特的技术，适合在物联网（IoT）生态系统中支持大量交易和智能合约，这要归功于分散的会计机制。在区块链网络中，账户的状态由验证器节点存储和更新，以点对点的方式互连。物联网设备的特点是相对较低的计算能力和低功耗，以及零星和低带宽的无线连接。IoT设备连接到一个或多个验证器节点以观察或修改帐户的状态。为了与账户的最新状态进行交互，设备需要与验证器节点存储的区块链副本同步。在这项工作中，我们描述了通用架构和同步协议，使物联网端点同步到区块链，具有不同的通信成本和安全级别。我们的模型和分析特征的同步协议所产生的流量，并通过数值模拟研究功耗和同步权衡。据我们所知，这是第一项严格模拟无线连接在区块链驱动的物联网系统中的作用的研究。
英文摘要：
Blockchain is a technology uniquely suited to support massive number of transactions and smart contracts within the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, thanks to the decentralized accounting mechanism. In a blockchain network, the states of the accounts are stored and updated by the validator nodes, interconnected in a peer-to-peer fashion. IoT devices are characterized by relatively low computing capabilities and low power consumption, as well as sporadic and low-bandwidth wireless connectivity. An IoT device connects to one or more validator nodes to observe or modify the state of the accounts. In order to interact with the most recent state of accounts, a device needs to be synchronized with the blockchain copy stored by the validator nodes. In this work, we describe general architectures and synchronization protocols that enable synchronization of the IoT endpoints to the blockchain, with different communication costs and security levels. We model and analytically characterize the traffic generated by the synchronization protocols, and also investigate the power consumption and synchronization trade-off via numerical simulations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that rigorously models the role of wireless connectivity in blockchain-powered IoT systems.
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