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arXiv 1710.08473stat.MLcs.LG
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时间序列中季节廓线长期冷启动预报的统一框架

A Unified Framework for Long Range and Cold Start Forecasting of Seasonal Profiles in Time Series

University of Washington(华盛顿大学)

Christopher Xie, Alex Tank, Alec Greaves-Tunnell, Emily Fox

摘要:

提供长期预测是时间序列建模中的一个基本挑战,而在以前从未观察到时间序列的情况下必须形成这种预测的挑战更是雪上加霜。后一个挑战是在推荐系统中看到的冷启动问题的时间序列版本,据我们所知,在以前的工作中还没有得到解决。类似的问题发生在只观测到少量时间点后需要进行长期预报时-热启动预报。考虑到这些目标,我们专注于预测季节性配置文件--或基线需求--在三种情况下,一年的顺序:长期的情况下,多个以前观察到的季节性配置文件,冷启动的情况下,没有以前观察到的季节性配置文件,和热启动的情况下,只有一个单一的部分观察到的配置文件。经典的时间序列方法基于先前的观测结果执行迭代的步进式预测,难以提供准确的长期预测;在几乎没有观测数据的情况下,这种方法根本不适用。相反,我们提出了一个简单的框架,它结合了高维回归和矩阵分解的思想,精心构建的数据矩阵。我们的公式和结果性能的关键是利用(1)在固定时间段内和跨系列的重复模式,以及(2)与单个系列相关的元数据;如果没有这些额外的数据,冷启动/热启动问题几乎不可能解决。我们证明了我们的框架可以准确地预测多个大规模数据集上的一系列季节性配置文件。

英文摘要:

Providing long-range forecasts is a fundamental challenge in time series modeling, which is only compounded by the challenge of having to form such forecasts when a time series has never previously been observed. The latter challenge is the time series version of the cold-start problem seen in recommender systems which, to our knowledge, has not been addressed in previous work. A similar problem occurs when a long range forecast is required after only observing a small number of time points --- a warm start forecast. With these aims in mind, we focus on forecasting seasonal profiles---or baseline demand---for periods on the order of a year in three cases: the long range case with multiple previously observed seasonal profiles, the cold start case with no previous observed seasonal profiles, and the warm start case with only a single partially observed profile. Classical time series approaches that perform iterated step-ahead forecasts based on previous observations struggle to provide accurate long range predictions; in settings with little to no observed data, such approaches are simply not applicable. Instead, we present a straightforward framework which combines ideas from high-dimensional regression and matrix factorization on a carefully constructed data matrix. Key to our formulation and resulting performance is leveraging (1) repeated patterns over fixed periods of time and across series, and (2) metadata associated with the individual series; without this additional data, the cold-start/warm-start problems are nearly impossible to solve. We demonstrate that our framework can accurately forecast an array of seasonal profiles on multiple large scale datasets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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