气辉层发射高度不能通过与激光雷达的温度比较来明确确定
The airglow layer emission altitude cannot be determined unambiguously from temperature comparison with lidars
摘要：
我调查夜间平均发射的高度和宽度的OH*（3-1）层的夜间平均温度测量的地面光谱仪GRIPS 9和钠激光雷达在ALOMAR。该数据集包含2010年11月至2014年2月期间的42个重合测量值，当时GRIPS 9在挪威北部的ALOMAR天文台（北纬69.3 $^\circ$，东经16.0 $^\circ$）运行。为了与GRIPS 9测量的平均温度非常相似，我使用高斯分布对激光雷达测量的每个夜间平均温度剖面进行加权，其中高斯分布具有40个不同的中心高度和40个不同的半高全宽。原则上，人们可以通过找到两个仪器之间的最小温差来确定气辉层的高度和宽度。在大多数夜晚，中心高度和宽度的几种组合产生$\pm$ 2 K的温差。通常假定的87公里的高度和8公里的宽度对于任何测量都不是一个明确的好的解决方案。即使对于$\sim$ 8.4 km的固定宽度，有时也可以找到几个中心高度，它们产生同样好的温度一致性。激光雷达测量的加权温度不适合于明确确定气辉层的发射高度和宽度。然而，当缺乏实际的高度和宽度数据时，与激光雷达的比较可以提供测量的旋转温度在多大程度上代表假定的高度和宽度的估计。我发现旋转温度代表了通常假设的87.4公里高度和8.4公里宽度的温度，平均在$\pm$ 16 K以内。这不是测量不确定性。
英文摘要：
I investigate the nightly mean emission height and width of the OH*(3-1) layer by comparing nightly mean temperatures measured by the ground-based spectrometer GRIPS 9 and the Na lidar at ALOMAR. The data set contains 42 coincident measurements between November 2010 and February 2014, when GRIPS 9 was in operation at the ALOMAR observatory (69.3$^\circ$N, 16.0$^\circ$E) in northern Norway. To closely resemble the mean temperature measured by GRIPS 9, I weight each nightly mean temperature profile measured by the lidar using Gaussian distributions with 40 different centre altitudes and 40 different full widths at half maximum. In principle, one can thus determine the altitude and width of an airglow layer by finding the minimum temperature difference between the two instruments. On most nights, several combinations of centre altitude and width yield a temperature difference of $\pm$2 K. The generally assumed altitude of 87 km and width of 8 km is never an unambiguous, good solution for any of the measurements. Even for a fixed width of $\sim$8.4 km, one can sometimes find several centre altitudes that yield equally good temperature agreement. Weighted temperatures measured by lidar are not suitable to determine unambiguously the emission height and width of an airglow layer. However, when actual altitude and width data are lacking, a comparison with lidars can provide an estimate of how representative a measured rotational temperature is of an assumed altitude and width. I found the rotational temperature to represent the temperature at the commonly assumed altitude of 87.4 km and width of 8.4 km to within $\pm$16 K, on average. This is not a measurement uncertainty.
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