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arXiv 1710.04579q-fin.PM
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投资组合理论的一般框架。第一部分:理论和各种模型

A General Framework for Portfolio Theory. Part I: theory and various models

Stanislaus Maier-Paape, Qiji Jim Zhu

摘要:

效用和风险是衡量投资成功的两个相互竞争的指标。我们表明,有效的权衡这两个测量的投资组合之间发生的,在一般情况下,在二维空间的效用和风险的凸曲线。这是一个相当普遍的模式。Markowitz的现代投资组合理论[H. Markowitz,Portfolio Selection,1959]及其自然推广,资本市场定价模型,[W. F. Sharpe,Mutual fund performance,1966]是我们的一般框架的特殊情况,当风险度量是标准差,效用函数是恒等映射时。使用我们的一般框架,我们也恢复[R. T. Rockafellar,S. Uryasev和M. Zabarankin,Master funds in portfolio analysis with general deviation measures,2006],扩展了资本市场定价模型,允许使用更一般的偏离度量。该广义资本资产定价模型也适用于例如当最大回撤的近似值被认为是风险度量时。此外,考虑到一个通用的效用函数,允许超越“加性”的性能指标,以“乘性”的累积回报之一,通过使用日志效用。因此,增长最优投资组合理论[J.Lintner,风险资产的估值和股票投资组合和资本预算中风险投资的选择,1965]和杠杆空间投资组合理论[R. Vince,The Leverage Space Trading Model,2009]也可以在我们的一般框架下理解。因此,这个一般框架允许统一几个重要的现有投资组合理论,并远远超出。

英文摘要:

Utility and risk are two often competing measurements on the investment success. We show that efficient trade-off between these two measurements for investment portfolios happens, in general, on a convex curve in the two dimensional space of utility and risk. This is a rather general pattern. The modern portfolio theory of Markowitz [H. Markowitz, Portfolio Selection, 1959] and its natural generalization, the capital market pricing model, [W. F. Sharpe, Mutual fund performance , 1966] are special cases of our general framework when the risk measure is taken to be the standard deviation and the utility function is the identity mapping. Using our general framework, we also recover the results in [R. T. Rockafellar, S. Uryasev and M. Zabarankin, Master funds in portfolio analysis with general deviation measures, 2006] that extends the capital market pricing model to allow for the use of more general deviation measures. This generalized capital asset pricing model also applies to e.g. when an approximation of the maximum drawdown is considered as a risk measure. Furthermore, the consideration of a general utility function allows to go beyond the "additive" performance measure to a "multiplicative" one of cumulative returns by using the log utility. As a result, the growth optimal portfolio theory [J. Lintner, The valuation of risk assets and the selection of risky investments in stock portfolios and capital budgets, 1965] and the leverage space portfolio theory [R. Vince, The Leverage Space Trading Model, 2009] can also be understood under our general framework. Thus, this general framework allows a unification of several important existing portfolio theories and goes much beyond.

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