专利引文光谱学（PCS）：里程碑式专利的文献检索
Patent Citation Spectroscopy (PCS): Algorithmic retrieval of landmark patents
摘要：
在生物医学研究和开发（R&D）中构建专利景观的一个重要组成部分是确定最具开创性的专利。然而，确定开创性的专利需要生物医学领域的主题专家。在这个简短的交流中，我们报告了一种分析方法和工具，专利引用光谱（PCS），用于快速识别用户指定的生物医学创新领域的里程碑式专利。PCS在大量专利中挖掘引用的参考文献，并提供对历史上最具影响力的先前工作的估计。PCS的功效在两个具有临床相关性的生物医学创新案例研究中显示：（1）RNA干扰和（2）胆固醇。PCS挖掘和分析了4，065篇与RNA干扰专利相关的引用文献，并正确识别了该技术的基础专利，这些专利由RNAi知识产权领域的专家独立报告。其次，PCS被应用于一系列广泛的专利处理胆固醇-案例研究选择，以反映更一般的，而不是专家，专利检索查询。PCS通过11，326篇引用的参考文献进行了挖掘，并确定了开创性的专利为立普妥，这是治疗高胆固醇的开创性药物，以及Repatha的两项专利。这些案例表明，PCS为识别生物医学创新和治疗领域的开创性专利提供了一种有用的方法。该交互式工具可在www.leydesdorff.net/pcs/上免费使用。
英文摘要：
One essential component in the construction of patent landscapes in biomedical research and development (R&D) is identifying the most seminal patents. Hitherto, the identification of seminal patents required subject matter experts within biomedical areas. In this brief communication, we report an analytical method and tool, Patent Citation Spectroscopy (PCS), for rapidly identifying landmark patents in user-specified areas of biomedical innovation. PCS mines the cited references within large sets of patents and provides an estimate of the most historically impactful prior work. The efficacy of PCS is shown in two case studies of biomedical innovation with clinical relevance: (1) RNA interference and (2) cholesterol. PCS mined and analyzed 4,065 cited references related to patents on RNA interference and correctly identified the foundational patent of this technology, as independently reported by subject matter experts on RNAi intellectual property. Secondly, PCS was applied to a broad set of patents dealing with cholesterol - a case study chosen to reflect a more general, as opposed to expert, patent search query. PCS mined through 11,326 cited references and identified the seminal patent as that for Lipitor, the groundbreaking medication for treating high cholesterol as well as the pair of patents underlying Repatha. These cases suggest that PCS provides a useful method for identifying seminal patents in areas of biomedical innovation and therapeutics. The interactive tool is free-to-use at: www.leydesdorff.net/pcs/.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
