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arXiv 1709.08571math.OCstat.ML
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关于噪声负曲率下降:与梯度下降竞争更快的非凸优化

On Noisy Negative Curvature Descent: Competing with Gradient Descent for Faster Non-convex Optimization

Mingrui Liu, Tianbao Yang

摘要:

Hessian向量积已被用于找到具有强复杂性保证的二阶稳态解(例如,在问题的维度上几乎是线性的时间复杂度)。在本文中,我们提出了进一步减少的海森向量积的数量更快的非凸优化。先前的算法需要以足够的精度近似最小的特征值(例如,$ε_2\ll 1$)以获得足够精确的二阶稳态解(即,$λ_{\min}(\nabla^2 f(\x))\geq -ε_2)$。相比之下,所提出的算法只需要计算最小的特征向量近似相应的特征值的电流梯度的范数的一个小的权力。因此,它可以在达到一阶稳定点之前的优化过程中显著减少海森向量乘积的数量(例如,鞍点)。所提出的算法的关键构建块是一个新的更新步骤命名为NCG步骤,它让一个嘈杂的负曲率下降与梯度下降竞争。我们表明,最坏情况下的时间复杂度的算法,其有利的规定的精度要求可以匹配最好的文献中实现二阶稳定点,但可以说是较小的每次迭代的成本。我们还表明,所提出的算法可以受益于不精确的Hessian通过发展他们的变种接受不精确的Hessian在温和的条件下实现相同的目标。此外,我们还发展了一个求解有限和或无限和非凸优化问题的随机算法。据我们所知,建议的随机算法是第一个收敛到二阶平稳点在{ \it高概率}的时间复杂度独立的样本量和几乎线性的维度。

英文摘要:

The Hessian-vector product has been utilized to find a second-order stationary solution with strong complexity guarantee (e.g., almost linear time complexity in the problem's dimensionality). In this paper, we propose to further reduce the number of Hessian-vector products for faster non-convex optimization. Previous algorithms need to approximate the smallest eigen-value with a sufficient precision (e.g., $ε_2\ll 1$) in order to achieve a sufficiently accurate second-order stationary solution (i.e., $λ_{\min}(\nabla^2 f(\x))\geq -ε_2)$. In contrast, the proposed algorithms only need to compute the smallest eigen-vector approximating the corresponding eigen-value up to a small power of current gradient's norm. As a result, it can dramatically reduce the number of Hessian-vector products during the course of optimization before reaching first-order stationary points (e.g., saddle points). The key building block of the proposed algorithms is a novel updating step named the NCG step, which lets a noisy negative curvature descent compete with the gradient descent. We show that the worst-case time complexity of the proposed algorithms with their favorable prescribed accuracy requirements can match the best in literature for achieving a second-order stationary point but with an arguably smaller per-iteration cost. We also show that the proposed algorithms can benefit from inexact Hessian by developing their variants accepting inexact Hessian under a mild condition for achieving the same goal. Moreover, we develop a stochastic algorithm for a finite or infinite sum non-convex optimization problem. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed stochastic algorithm is the first one that converges to a second-order stationary point in {\it high probability} with a time complexity independent of the sample size and almost linear in dimensionality.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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