哈伯德模型中自旋关联的相干操纵
Coherent Manipulation of Spin Correlations in the Hubbard Model
摘要：
利用空间和时间分辨的Ramsey光谱结合高分辨率的\textit{in situ}成像技术，我们相干地操纵了加载到光晶格中的双组分原子费米气体中的自旋关联。这种新的技术不仅允许我们压印自旋图案，而且还可以探测任意波矢下的静磁结构因子，特别是交错结构因子。从沿光晶格的$1^\mathrm{st}$布里渊区的对角线的测量，我们确定了磁相关长度和各个空间自旋扰子。在半填充，交错的磁结构因子作为一个敏感的温度计的自旋温度，我们用来研究热化的自旋和密度自由度在缓慢淬火的晶格深度。
英文摘要：
We coherently manipulate spin correlations in a two-component atomic Fermi gas loaded into an optical lattice using spatially and time-resolved Ramsey spectroscopy combined with high-resolution \textit{in situ} imaging. This novel technique allows us not only to imprint spin patterns but also to probe the static magnetic structure factor at arbitrary wave vector, in particular the staggered structure factor. From a measurement along the diagonal of the $1^\mathrm{st}$ Brillouin zone of the optical lattice, we determine the magnetic correlation length and the individual spatial spin correlators. At half filling, the staggered magnetic structure factor serves as a sensitive thermometer for the spin temperature, which we employ to study the thermalization of spin and density degrees of freedom during a slow quench of the lattice depth.
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